Gerrard Samuel D, Biase Fernando H, Yonke Joseph A, Yadav Ravi, Shafron Anthony J, Sunny Nishanth E, Gerrard David E, El-Kadi Samer W
School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA.
Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Metabolites. 2024 Jul 11;14(7):384. doi: 10.3390/metabo14070384.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a range of disorders characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Although this spectrum of disorders is associated with adult obesity, recent evidence suggests that this condition could also occur independently of obesity, even in children. Previously, we reported that pigs fed a formula containing medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) developed hepatic steatosis and weighed less than those fed an isocaloric formula containing long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). Our objective was to determine the association between NAFLD and the skeletal muscle transcriptome in response to energy and lipid intake. Neonatal pigs were fed one of three formulas: a control formula (CONT, = 6) or one of two isocaloric high-energy formulas containing either long (LCFA, = 6) or medium (MCFA, = 6) chain fatty acids. Pigs were fed for 22 d, and tissues were collected. Body weight at 20 and 22 d was greater for LCFA-fed pigs than their CONT or MCFA counterparts ( < 0.005). Longissimus dorsi weight was greater for LCFA compared with MCFA, while CONT was intermediate ( < 0.05). Lean gain and protein deposition were greater for LCFA than for CONT and MCFA groups ( < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis revealed 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MCFA and LCFA, 53 DEGs between MCFA and CONT, and 52 DEGs between LCFA and CONT (FDR < 0.2). Feeding formula high in MCFAs resulted in lower body and muscle weights. Transcriptomics data suggest that the reduction in growth was associated with a disruption in cholesterol metabolism in skeletal muscles.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一系列以肝细胞脂质蓄积为特征的病症。尽管这一系列病症与成人肥胖有关，但最近的证据表明，即使在儿童中，这种病症也可能独立于肥胖而发生。此前，我们报道过，喂食含中链脂肪酸（MCFAs）配方奶的猪会出现肝脂肪变性，且体重比喂食等热量含长链脂肪酸（LCFAs）配方奶的猪轻。我们的目的是确定NAFLD与骨骼肌转录组之间在能量和脂质摄入方面的关联。新生仔猪被喂食三种配方奶之一：对照配方奶（CONT，n = 6）或两种等热量高能量配方奶中的一种，分别含长链脂肪酸（LCFA，n = 6）或中链脂肪酸（MCFA，n = 6）。仔猪喂食22天，然后收集组织。喂食LCFA的仔猪在20天和22天的体重比CONT组或MCFA组的仔猪重（P < 0.005）。与MCFA相比，LCFA组的背最长肌重量更大，而CONT组居中（P < 0.05）。LCFA组的瘦肉增重和蛋白质沉积比CONT组和MCFA组更大（P < 0.01）。转录组分析显示，MCFA和LCFA之间有36个差异表达基因（DEGs），MCFA和CONT之间有53个DEGs，LCFA和CONT之间有52个DEGs（FDR < 0.2）。喂食高MCFAs的配方奶导致体重和肌肉重量降低。转录组学数据表明，生长减少与骨骼肌胆固醇代谢紊乱有关。
