Copado-Villagrana Edgar D, Duarte-López Ilsy X, Calderón-Flores Arturo, Loera-Robles Isidro, Viera-Segura Oliver, Fierro Nora A
Unidad de Medicina Familiar 5, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Nogales 84000, Mexico.
Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Pathogens. 2024 Jul 11;13(7):578. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13070578.
The global distribution of hepatitis E virus (HEV) is attributed to its capacity to spread through several routes of transmission; hemodialysis has gained increased amounts of attention in recent years. Although Mexico is considered a hyperendemic region for hepatitis E, no HEV surveillance is performed in the country. The frequency of HEV in hemodialysis (HD) patients has not been determined. Herein, we conducted a cross-sectional single-center analytical study including 67 serum samples from HD patients. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies and the viral genome were determined; partial regions within the HEV genome were sequenced for further phylogenetic analysis. Globally, 14.9% of the tested patients exhibited reactivity for IgG antibodies against HEV, and none showed reactivity to IgM. A total of 5.9% of the samples showed HEV genome amplification, and sequencing confirmed the identity of genotype 3; subsequent analysis of positive cases revealed two acute cases and chronic hepatitis E infection in one patient. Notably, the chronic patient was negative for anti-HEV IgG antibodies. Our findings highlight the importance of viral genome testing in HD patients and the need to establish guidelines for HEV detection in Mexico.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）的全球分布归因于其通过多种传播途径传播的能力；近年来，血液透析受到了越来越多的关注。尽管墨西哥被认为是戊型肝炎的高度流行地区，但该国并未开展戊型肝炎病毒监测。血液透析（HD）患者中戊型肝炎病毒的感染频率尚未确定。在此，我们开展了一项单中心横断面分析研究，纳入了67份血液透析患者的血清样本。检测了抗HEV IgG和IgM抗体以及病毒基因组；对HEV基因组内的部分区域进行测序，以进行进一步的系统发育分析。在全球范围内，14.9%的受试患者对戊型肝炎病毒IgG抗体呈反应性，无一例对IgM呈反应性。共有5.9%的样本显示戊型肝炎病毒基因组扩增，测序确认其为3型；对阳性病例的后续分析发现了2例急性病例和1例慢性戊型肝炎感染患者。值得注意的是，该慢性患者的抗HEV IgG抗体呈阴性。我们的研究结果凸显了对血液透析患者进行病毒基因组检测的重要性，以及在墨西哥建立戊型肝炎病毒检测指南的必要性。
