Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
J Hepatol. 2022 Oct;77(4):1109-1123. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.05.006. Epub 2022 May 21.
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) was initially thought to exclusively cause acute hepatitis. However, the first diagnosis of chronic hepatitis E in transplant recipients in 2008 profoundly changed our understanding of this pathogen. We have now begun to understand that specific HEV genotypes can cause chronic infection in certain immunocompromised populations. Over the past decade, dedicated clinical and experimental research has substantiated knowledge on the epidemiology, transmission routes, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, clinical features and treatment of chronic HEV infection. Nevertheless, many gaps and major challenges remain, particularly regarding the translation of knowledge into disease prevention and improvement of clinical outcomes. This article aims to highlight the latest developments in the understanding and management of chronic hepatitis E. More importantly, we attempt to identify major knowledge gaps and discuss strategies for further advancing both research and patient care.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）最初被认为仅会引起急性肝炎。然而，2008 年首例在移植受者中诊断出的慢性 HEV 感染，深刻地改变了我们对这种病原体的认识。现在我们已经开始了解到，某些特定的 HEV 基因型可能会导致特定免疫功能低下人群的慢性感染。在过去的十年中，专门的临床和实验研究已经证实了关于慢性 HEV 感染的流行病学、传播途径、病理生理机制、诊断、临床特征和治疗方面的知识。然而，仍存在许多空白和重大挑战，特别是在将知识转化为疾病预防和改善临床结果方面。本文旨在强调对慢性 HEV 认识和管理方面的最新进展。更重要的是，我们试图确定主要的知识空白，并讨论进一步推进研究和患者护理的策略。
