Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
USDA-ARS, Corn Host Resistance Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Toxins (Basel). 2024 Jul 19;16(7):324. doi: 10.3390/toxins16070324.
Non-genetic variation limits the identification of novel maize germplasm with genetic markers for reduced infection and aflatoxin contamination. Aflatoxin measurements can vary substantially within fields containing the same germplasm following inoculation with . While some variation is expected due to microenvironmental differences, components of field screening methodologies may also contribute to variability in collected data. Therefore, the objective of this study is to test the effects of three different shelling methods (whole ear (WE), ear end removal (EER), and inoculation site-surrounding (ISS)) to obtain bulk samples from maize on aflatoxin measurements. Five ears per row of three inbred lines and two hybrids were inoculated with , then shelled using the three different methods, and aflatoxin was quantified. Overall, EER and ISS resulted in reduced coefficients of variance (CVs) in comparison to WE for both inbred and hybrid maize lines, with two exceptions. Susceptible B73 showed increased CVs with both EER and ISS compared to WE, and resistant Mp719's EER CVs marginally increased compared to WE. While WE is the standard practice for most breeding programs due to its technical simplicity, EER and ISS may allow for finely phenotyping parental lines for further breeding applications.
非遗传变异限制了利用减少感染和黄曲霉毒素污染的遗传标记来鉴定新型玉米种质。在接种 后，同一种质的田间测量值可能会有很大差异。虽然由于微环境差异，预计会有一些变化，但田间筛选方法的组成部分也可能导致收集数据的变异性。因此，本研究的目的是测试三种不同脱粒方法（整穗（WE）、穗端去除（EER）和接种点周围（ISS））对获得玉米黄曲霉毒素测量值的批量样品的影响。用 对三行三个自交系和两个杂交种的每五个穗进行接种，然后用三种不同的方法脱粒，并对黄曲霉毒素进行定量。总体而言，与 WE 相比，EER 和 ISS 降低了自交系和杂交系玉米的变异系数（CV），但有两个例外。易感 B73 与 WE 相比，EER 和 ISS 的 CV 均增加，而抗性 Mp719 的 EER CV 与 WE 相比略有增加。尽管由于技术简单，WE 是大多数育种计划的标准做法，但 EER 和 ISS 可能允许对亲本系进行精细表型分析，以用于进一步的育种应用。
