Gonzalez Matthew P, Brown Denver M Y, Swafford Isabella M, Summerville Bryce, Seidi Morteza, Hajiaghamemar Marzieh, Dorgo Sandor
Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Jul 16;12(7):192. doi: 10.3390/sports12070192.
Mental fatigue has been studied extensively in relation to its impact on aerobic-, strength-, and motor-based tasks, but anaerobic power-based tasks have received limited attention. Interdisciplinary research investigating the underlying mechanisms by which mental fatigue influences physical performance has been called for. In two studies, the effects of mental fatigue on maximal power jump and endurance jump performance as well as kinetics and kinematics during jump performance were examined. Samples of collegiate volleyball players (Study 1; N = 14) and recreationally active students (Study 2; N = 27) completed two 30 min experimental manipulations (high vs. low cognitive control exertion) before performing three maximal power squat jumps followed by 15 repeated countermovement jumps, with measurements of kinetics and kinematics. For Study 1, the maximal power performance was significantly lower under a mentally fatigued condition, but no differences were observed for repeated jump performance, which may have been attributable to alterations in jump mechanics. For Study 2, no between-condition differences were observed for the maximal power performance, although repeated jump performance was significantly lower under a mentally fatigued condition. Collectively, these findings suggest that the impacts of mental fatigue on power-based performance tasks may depend on the task demands as well as the training status of the individual.
关于精神疲劳对有氧运动、力量运动和基于运动的任务的影响，已有广泛研究，但对基于无氧功率的任务关注有限。需要开展跨学科研究，探究精神疲劳影响身体表现的潜在机制。在两项研究中，考察了精神疲劳对最大力量跳跃和耐力跳跃表现的影响，以及跳跃过程中的动力学和运动学情况。大学生排球运动员样本（研究1；N = 14）和经常参加体育活动的学生样本（研究2；N = 27）在进行三次最大力量深蹲跳，随后进行15次重复的反向移动跳之前，完成了两种30分钟的实验操作（高认知控制 exertion 与低认知控制 exertion），同时测量动力学和运动学。对于研究1，在精神疲劳状态下，最大力量表现显著降低，但重复跳跃表现未观察到差异，这可能归因于跳跃力学的改变。对于研究2，最大力量表现未观察到条件间差异，尽管在精神疲劳状态下重复跳跃表现显著降低。总体而言，这些发现表明，精神疲劳对基于功率的表现任务的影响可能取决于任务要求以及个体的训练状态。
