Rodari Giovanni, Hoch Francesco, Suprano Alessia, Giordani Taira, Negro Elena, Carvacho Gonzalo, Spagnolo Nicolò, Galvão Ernesto F, Sciarrino Fabio
Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
Sci Adv. 2024 Jul 26;10(30):eado6244. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ado6244.
A Bernoulli factory is a randomness manipulation routine that takes as input a Bernoulli random variable, outputting another Bernoulli variable whose bias is a function of the input bias. Recently proposed quantum-to-quantum Bernoulli factory schemes encode both input and output variables in qubit amplitudes. This primitive could be used as a subroutine for more complex quantum algorithms involving Bayesian inference and Monte Carlo methods. Here, we report an experimental implementation of a polarization-encoded photonic quantum-to-quantum Bernoulli factory. We present and test three interferometric setups implementing the basic operations of an algebraic field (inversion, multiplication, and addition), which, chained together, allow for the implementation of a generic quantum-to-quantum Bernoulli factory. These in-bulk schemes are validated using a quantum dot-based single-photon source featuring high brightness and indistinguishability, paired with a time-to-spatial demultiplexing setup to prepare input resources of up to three single-photon states.
伯努利工厂是一种随机性操纵程序，它将伯努利随机变量作为输入，输出另一个伯努利变量，其偏差是输入偏差的函数。最近提出的量子到量子伯努利工厂方案将输入和输出变量都编码在量子比特幅度中。这个原语可以用作涉及贝叶斯推理和蒙特卡罗方法的更复杂量子算法的子程序。在这里，我们报告了一个偏振编码的光子量子到量子伯努利工厂的实验实现。我们展示并测试了三种干涉设置，它们实现了代数域的基本运算（求逆、乘法和加法），将这些运算链接在一起，就可以实现一个通用的量子到量子伯努利工厂。这些整体方案通过使用具有高亮度和不可区分性的基于量子点的单光子源进行验证，并与时间到空间解复用设置配对，以准备多达三个单光子态的输入资源。
