Patel Raj B, Rudolph Terry, Pryde Geoff J
Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology and Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Australia.
Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Sci Adv. 2019 Jan 25;5(1):eaau6668. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aau6668. eCollection 2019 Jan.
There has been a concerted effort to identify problems computable with quantum technology, which are intractable with classical technology or require far fewer resources to compute. Recently, randomness processing in a Bernoulli factory has been identified as one such task. Here, we report two quantum photonic implementations of a Bernoulli factory, one using quantum coherence and single-qubit measurements and the other one using quantum coherence and entangling measurements of two qubits. We show that the former consumes three orders of magnitude fewer resources than the best-known classical method, while entanglement offers a further fivefold reduction. These concepts may provide a means for quantum-enhanced performance in the simulation of stochastic processes and sampling tasks.
人们一直在齐心协力地识别能用量子技术解决的问题，这些问题用经典技术难以处理，或者计算时所需资源要少得多。最近，伯努利工厂中的随机性处理已被认定为这样一项任务。在此，我们报告了伯努利工厂的两种量子光子实现方式，一种利用量子相干性和单比特测量，另一种利用量子相干性以及两个比特的纠缠测量。我们表明，前者消耗的资源比最著名的经典方法少三个数量级，而纠缠可进一步将资源消耗减少五倍。这些概念可能为随机过程模拟和采样任务中的量子增强性能提供一种手段。
