发展中国家大肠埃希菌分离株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑的耐药性不断增加。

Increasing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole among isolates of Escherichia coli in developing countries.

作者信息

Murray B E, Alvarado T, Kim K H, Vorachit M, Jayanetra P, Levine M M, Prenzel I, Fling M, Elwell L, McCracken G H

出版信息

J Infect Dis. 1985 Dec;152(6):1107-13. doi: 10.1093/infdis/152.6.1107.

DOI:10.1093/infdis/152.6.1107

Abstract

Resistance of Escherichia coli to trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole remains at 3%-8% at many medical centers within the United States. In this study a 44% resistance rate was observed among E. coli isolated at a pediatric hospital in Santiago, Chile, and a 40% resistance rate at a general teaching hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Most isolates were from urinary tract infections and showed high-level resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration of TMP greater than 1,000 micrograms/ml). Nineteen of 35 isolates tested transferred resistance to TMP; most cotransferred resistance to streptomycin and sulfonamides. Dihydrofolate reductase type I was detected by gene probing in 14 of 35 strains. Subsequent investigations in Brazil, Honduras, and Costa Rica revealed that this high rate of resistance was not an isolated phenomenon.

摘要

在美国的许多医疗中心，大肠杆菌对甲氧苄啶（TMP）-磺胺甲恶唑的耐药率仍维持在3%至8%。在本研究中，智利圣地亚哥一家儿童医院分离出的大肠杆菌耐药率为44%，泰国曼谷一家综合教学医院的耐药率为40%。大多数分离株来自尿路感染，且表现出高水平耐药（TMP的最低抑菌浓度大于1000微克/毫升）。35株测试菌株中有19株将对TMP的耐药性进行了转移；大多数还同时转移了对链霉素和磺胺类药物的耐药性。通过基因探测在35株菌株中的14株中检测到了I型二氢叶酸还原酶。随后在巴西、洪都拉斯和哥斯达黎加进行的调查显示，这种高耐药率并非个别现象。