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B750HL桥梁护栏的有限元模拟与实车碰撞试验研究

Research on finite element simulation and full-scale-vehicle crash test of B750HL bridge barrier.

作者信息

Zhang Miao, Bu Qianmiao

机构信息

Zhejiang Institute of Communications Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310030, China.

Rioh Traffic Safety Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100088, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 26;14(1):17240. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68341-7.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-68341-7
PMID:39060486
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11282206/
Abstract

How to raise the bridge barrier with a concrete base height of only 51 cm to SS level of protection is not yet studied. In order to effectively retrofit an existing concrete barrier design to meet new crash testing criteria, the structural dimensions and concrete strength of the existing bridge barrier were investigated, and finite element simulation analysis was carried out, and simulation suggested the existing barrier was insufficient. Based on the structural dimension design principles of bridge barriers, the existing structure of bridge barrier was designed after adding lightweight and high-strength B750HL material crossbeams and posts on top of the concrete base, and the bearing capacity of the bridge barrier was calculated based on the yield line theory. Then, a finite element simulation analysis model was established to study and analyze the blocking, guiding, and cushioning functions of the improved design of bridge barrier. Finally, full-scale-vehicle crash tests were conducted with the SS-level small car, bus, and tractor-van trailer for this bridge barrier design scheme. This paper is the world's first to use B750HL steel as the material for the crossbeam and post of a bridge barrier with a concrete base height of only 51 cm. According to the research results, the B750HL bridge barrier, which was designed based on the calculation of structural dimension design and yield line theory, effectively reduces the increased constant load on the bridge deck caused by the extra crossbeams and posts. At the same time, it can reduce material costs and save engineering costs. After being verified by finite element simulation crash tests and full-scale-vehicle crash tests, the protective capacity of the B750HL bridge barrier was proven to meet the SS-level evaluation requirements of the Standard for Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Barriers (JTG B05-01-2013). The research findings of this paper is that the finite element simulation crash tests can effectively simulate full-scale-vehicle crash test, and the finite element simulation crash tests is reliable. If the safety performance of the barrier in the finite element simulation crash tests meets the requirements, the probability of passing the full-scale-vehicle crash test is higher. Therefore, a design scheme is proposed for the B750HL bridge barrier to improve hybrid bridge barriers at a height of 51 cm or more based on various design methods.

摘要

如何将混凝土基础高度仅为51厘米的桥梁护栏提升至SS级防护水平尚未得到研究。为了有效地对现有的混凝土护栏设计进行改造以满足新的碰撞测试标准，对现有桥梁护栏的结构尺寸和混凝土强度进行了调查，并进行了有限元模拟分析，模拟结果表明现有护栏不足。基于桥梁护栏的结构尺寸设计原则，在混凝土基础顶部添加轻质高强度B750HL材料横梁和立柱后对现有桥梁护栏结构进行了设计，并基于屈服线理论计算了桥梁护栏的承载能力。然后，建立了有限元模拟分析模型，对改进后的桥梁护栏设计的阻挡、导向和缓冲功能进行了研究分析。最后，针对该桥梁护栏设计方案，使用SS级小型汽车、公交车和牵引式厢式挂车进行了实车碰撞试验。本文是世界上首次将B750HL钢用作混凝土基础高度仅为51厘米的桥梁护栏横梁和立柱的材料。根据研究结果，基于结构尺寸设计计算和屈服线理论设计的B750HL桥梁护栏，有效地减少了额外横梁和立柱给桥面带来的增加恒载。同时，它可以降低材料成本并节省工程成本。经过有限元模拟碰撞试验和实车碰撞试验验证，B750HL桥梁护栏的防护能力被证明满足《公路护栏安全性能评价标准》（JTG B05-01-2013）的SS级评价要求。本文的研究结果是有限元模拟碰撞试验能够有效地模拟实车碰撞试验，且有限元模拟碰撞试验是可靠的。如果护栏在有限元模拟碰撞试验中的安全性能满足要求，通过实车碰撞试验的概率就更高。因此，基于各种设计方法，提出了一种B750HL桥梁护栏的设计方案，以改进高度为51厘米及以上的混合式桥梁护栏。

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