Dawidowicz Miriam, Kot Anna, Mielcarska Sylwia, Psykała Katarzyna, Kula Agnieszka, Waniczek Dariusz, Świętochowska Elżbieta
Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland.
Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 11;16(14):2519. doi: 10.3390/cancers16142519.
Anti-cancer immunotherapies entirely changed the therapeutic approach to oncological patients. However, despite the undeniable success of anti-PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 antibody treatments, their effectiveness is limited either by certain types of malignancies or by the arising problem of cancer resistance. B7H4 (aliases B7x, B7H4, B7S1, VTCN1) is a member of a B7 immune checkpoint family with a distinct expression pattern from classical immune checkpoint pathways. The growing amount of research results seem to support the thesis that B7H4 might be a very potent therapeutic target. B7H4 was demonstrated to promote tumour progression in immune "cold" tumours by promoting migration, proliferation of tumour cells, and cancer stem cell persistence. B7H4 suppresses T cell effector functions, including inflammatory cytokine production, cytolytic activity, proliferation of T cells, and promoting the polarisation of naïve CD4 T cells into induced Tregs. This review aimed to summarise the available information about B7H4, focusing in particular on clinical implications, immunological mechanisms, potential strategies for malignancy treatment, and ongoing clinical trials.
抗癌免疫疗法彻底改变了肿瘤患者的治疗方法。然而，尽管抗PD-1、PD-L1和CTLA-4抗体治疗取得了不可否认的成功，但其有效性要么受到某些类型恶性肿瘤的限制，要么受到癌症耐药性这一问题的影响。B7H4（别名B7x、B7H4、B7S1、VTCN1）是B7免疫检查点家族的一员，其表达模式与经典免疫检查点途径不同。越来越多的研究结果似乎支持这样一种观点，即B7H4可能是一个非常有效的治疗靶点。研究表明，B7H4通过促进肿瘤细胞的迁移、增殖以及癌症干细胞的存活，从而促进免疫“冷”肿瘤中的肿瘤进展。B7H4抑制T细胞效应功能，包括炎性细胞因子的产生、细胞溶解活性、T细胞增殖，并促进初始CD4 T细胞向诱导性调节性T细胞极化。这篇综述旨在总结关于B7H4的现有信息，尤其关注其临床意义、免疫机制、恶性肿瘤治疗的潜在策略以及正在进行的临床试验。
