Lachica Manuel, Pardo Zaira, Lara Luis, Nieto Rosa, Fernández-Fígares Ignacio
Department of Nutrition and Sustainable Animal Production, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, San Miguel 101, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jul 10;14(14):2033. doi: 10.3390/ani14142033.
The effect of heat, and dietary betaine or zinc on the heat production (HP) of Iberian pigs was studied. Thirty barrows (44 kg) were individually housed for 28 days and assigned to one of five treatments: (1) thermoneutrality (20 °C) and fed a control diet (TN-CON) ad libitum; (2) hot (30 °C) and fed a control diet (HT-CON) ad libitum; (3) thermoneutrality and pair fed a control diet (TN-CON-PF) to HT-CON; (4) hot and fed a betaine-supplemented (0.5%) diet (HT-BET) ad libitum; and (5) hot and fed a zinc-supplemented (0.012%) diet (HT-ZN) ad libitum. On the 18th day, pigs were moved to a respirometry chamber (two chambers) under their respective treatment. The metabolizable energy (ME) intake, HP and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured over 24 h. No differences ( > 0.05) were found in HP and RE between treatments. For RQ, TN-CON was greater ( < 0.01) than HT treatments, except for HT-BET. All RQs indicated an overall lipogenesis where betaine supplementation showed an intermediate value, indicating that it may have a positive effect on lipogenesis and overall growth. At 30 °C, betaine or zinc had no effect on HP and RE; ME intake was not reduced, indicating a genetic adaptation of Iberian pigs to heat.
研究了热、日粮甜菜碱或锌对伊比利亚猪产热（HP）的影响。30头公猪（44千克）单独饲养28天，并分配到五种处理之一：（1）中性温度（20℃），自由采食对照日粮（TN-CON）；（2）高温（30℃），自由采食对照日粮（HT-CON）；（3）中性温度，按HT-CON的采食量给料（TN-CON-PF）；（4）高温，自由采食添加甜菜碱（0.5%）的日粮（HT-BET）；（5）高温，自由采食添加锌（0.012%）的日粮（HT-ZN）。在第18天，将猪转移到各自处理条件下的呼吸测定室（两个室）。在24小时内测量可代谢能量（ME）摄入量、HP和呼吸商（RQ）。各处理之间的HP和RE没有差异（>0.05）。对于RQ，除HT-BET外，TN-CON高于HT处理（<0.01）。所有的RQ均表明总体上存在脂肪生成，其中添加甜菜碱呈现中间值，表明其可能对脂肪生成和总体生长有积极作用。在30℃时，甜菜碱或锌对HP和RE没有影响；ME摄入量没有降低，表明伊比利亚猪对热有遗传适应性。
