Wang Rong, Yao Baohui, Tan Zhaoxian, Mao Chengjie, Ma Yonggui, Qu Jiapeng
School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China.
Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;14(14):2101. doi: 10.3390/ani14142101.
Global warming may accelerate the process of biological invasions, and invasive species that can quickly adapt to new environments will have a negative impact on native species. Animal personalities have significant implications for ecology and evolution. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the combined effects of climate warming and biological invasions on native species. In this study, we hypothesized that temperature was positively correlated with personality, and invasive species had stronger personalities than native species. Accordingly, we established control (20 °C) and warming groups (20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C) to rear mosquitofish and medaka fish, individuals acclimatized to rearing temperatures for 7 days, then measured their personalities (sociability, exploration, novelty, and boldness). The results showed that individuals exhibited repeatable variation along the four behavioral axes across all temperature conditions, providing evidence for the presence of personalities. Significant positive correlations were found between each pair of behaviors, indicating the presence of behavioral syndrome. Sociability and exploration were most affected by temperature, showing increasing trends in sociability, exploration, and novelty in both invasive and native species with rising temperatures. Compared to medaka fish, mosquitofish exhibited higher exploration and lower sociability at elevated temperatures, while showing little change in boldness. Our results provide evidence that increased temperatures may promote biological invasions and pose a potential threat to the survival of native species. These findings are significant for understanding the complex impacts of climate change on ecosystems and for formulating effective biodiversity preservation strategies.
全球变暖可能会加速生物入侵的进程，而能够迅速适应新环境的入侵物种会对本地物种产生负面影响。动物个性对生态学和进化具有重要意义。然而，很少有研究同时考察气候变暖和生物入侵对本地物种的综合影响。在本研究中，我们假设温度与个性呈正相关，且入侵物种比本地物种具有更强的个性。据此，我们设立了对照组（20℃）和升温组（20℃、25℃和30℃）来饲养食蚊鱼和青鳉，让个体在饲养温度下驯化7天，然后测量它们的个性（社交性、探索性、对新事物的反应和胆量）。结果表明，在所有温度条件下，个体在这四个行为轴上都表现出可重复的变化，这为个性的存在提供了证据。每对行为之间都发现了显著的正相关，表明存在行为综合征。社交性和探索性受温度影响最大，随着温度升高，入侵物种和本地物种的社交性、探索性和对新事物的反应均呈上升趋势。与青鳉相比，食蚊鱼在较高温度下表现出更高的探索性和更低的社交性，而胆量变化不大。我们的结果证明，温度升高可能会促进生物入侵，并对本地物种的生存构成潜在威胁。这些发现对于理解气候变化对生态系统的复杂影响以及制定有效的生物多样性保护策略具有重要意义。
