Iversen Jan Nikolas, Fröhlich Jürg, Tai Yee Kit, Franco-Obregón Alfredo
Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2024 Jun 21;11(7):637. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11070637.
Concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) combines extremely low-frequency electromagnetic and light exposure for enhanced wound healing. We investigated the potential mechanistic synergism between the magnetic and light components of COMS by comparing their individual and combined cellular responses. Lone magnetic field exposure produced greater enhancements in cell proliferation than light alone, yet the combined effects of magnetic fields and light were supra-additive of the individual responses. Reactive oxygen species were incrementally reduced by exposure to light, magnetics fields, and their combination, wherein statistical significance was only achieved by the combined COMS modality. By contrast, ATP production was most greatly enhanced by magnetic exposure in combination with light, indicating that mitochondrial respiratory efficiency was improved by the combination of magnetic fields plus light. Protein expression pertaining to cell proliferation was preferentially enhanced by the COMS modality, as were the protein levels of the TRPC1 cation channel that had been previously implicated as part of a calcium-mitochondrial signaling axis invoked by electromagnetic exposure and necessary for proliferation. These results indicate that light facilitates functional synergism with magnetic fields that ultimately impinge on mitochondria-dependent developmental responses. Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) have been previously shown to inhibit TRPC1-mediated magnetotransduction, whereas their influence over photomodulation has not been explored. Streptomycin applied during exposure to light, magnetic fields, or COMS reduced their respective proliferation enhancements, whereas streptomycin added after the exposure did not. Magnetic field exposure and the COMS modality were capable of partially overcoming the antagonism of proliferation produced by streptomycin treatment, whereas light alone was not. The antagonism of photon-electromagnetic effects by streptomycin implicates TRPC1-mediated calcium entry in both magnetotransduction and photomodulation. Avoiding the prophylactic use of AGAs during COMS therapy will be crucial for maintaining clinical efficacy and is a common concern in most other electromagnetic regenerative paradigms.
同时进行的光学和磁刺激（COMS）结合了极低频电磁和光照射，以促进伤口愈合。我们通过比较它们各自的和联合的细胞反应，研究了COMS的磁和光成分之间潜在的机制协同作用。单独的磁场暴露比单独的光照射在细胞增殖方面产生更大的增强作用，然而磁场和光的联合作用是个体反应的超加性。活性氧通过暴露于光、磁场及其组合而逐渐减少，其中只有联合的COMS模式达到了统计学显著性。相比之下，ATP的产生在磁场与光联合暴露时增强最为显著，表明磁场加光的组合提高了线粒体呼吸效率。与细胞增殖相关的蛋白质表达在COMS模式下优先增强，TRPC1阳离子通道的蛋白质水平也是如此，该通道先前被认为是电磁暴露引发的钙 - 线粒体信号轴的一部分，且对增殖是必需的。这些结果表明，光促进了与磁场的功能协同作用，最终影响线粒体依赖性发育反应。氨基糖苷类抗生素（AGAs）先前已被证明可抑制TRPC1介导的磁转导，但其对光调制的影响尚未被探索。在暴露于光、磁场或COMS期间应用链霉素会降低它们各自的增殖增强作用，而在暴露后添加链霉素则不会。磁场暴露和COMS模式能够部分克服链霉素治疗产生的增殖拮抗作用，而单独的光则不能。链霉素对光子 - 电磁效应的拮抗作用表明TRPC1介导的钙内流在磁转导和光调制中都起作用。在COMS治疗期间避免预防性使用AGAs对于维持临床疗效至关重要，这也是大多数其他电磁再生模式中共同关注的问题。
