Neubauer-Geryk Jolanta, Myśliwiec Małgorzata, Bieniaszewski Leszek
Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
Biomedicines. 2024 Jun 25;12(7):1413. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12071413.
Gender, through genetic, epigenetic and hormonal regulation, is an important modifier of the physiological mechanisms and clinical course of diseases. In diabetes mellitus, there are gender differences in incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. This disease also has an impact on the microvascular function. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was designed to investigate how gender affects the cutaneous microcirculation. We hypothesized that gender should be an important factor in the interpretation of capillaroscopy and transcutaneous oxygen saturation results. The study group consisted of 42 boys and 55 girls, uncomplicated diabetic pediatric patients. Females (F) and males (M) did not differ in terms of age, age at onset of diabetes, or diabetes duration. Furthermore, they did not differ in metabolic parameters. The comparison showed that group F had lower BP, higher pulse, and higher HR than group M. Group F had significantly lower creatinine and hemoglobin levels than group M. In children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes without complications, there was a gender difference in microcirculatory parameters. The resting transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen was significantly higher in females than in males. However, there were no gender-related differences in basal capillaroscopic parameters or vascular reactivity during the PORH test. Our results indicate that studies investigating the structure and function of the microcirculation should consider the role of gender in addition to known cofactors such as puberty, body mass index, physical activity, and cigarette smoking.
性别通过遗传、表观遗传和激素调节，是疾病生理机制和临床病程的重要调节因素。在糖尿病中，发病率、患病率、发病率和死亡率存在性别差异。这种疾病也会对微血管功能产生影响。因此，本横断面研究旨在调查性别如何影响皮肤微循环。我们假设性别应该是解释毛细血管镜检查和经皮氧饱和度结果的一个重要因素。研究组由42名男孩和55名女孩组成，均为无并发症的糖尿病儿童患者。女性（F）和男性（M）在年龄、糖尿病发病年龄或糖尿病病程方面没有差异。此外，他们在代谢参数方面也没有差异。比较显示，F组的血压低于M组，脉搏和心率高于M组。F组的肌酐和血红蛋白水平显著低于M组。在无并发症的1型糖尿病儿童和青少年中，微循环参数存在性别差异。女性静息经皮氧分压显著高于男性。然而，在PORH试验期间，基础毛细血管镜检查参数或血管反应性没有性别相关差异。我们的结果表明，研究微循环结构和功能的研究除了应考虑青春期、体重指数、身体活动和吸烟等已知的辅助因素外，还应考虑性别的作用。
