Heart, Mind and Body Research Group, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;15(7):942. doi: 10.3390/genes15070942.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a common chronic condition that presents as unsettled hyperglycemia (HG) and results from insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell dysfunction. T2DM is marked by an increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications, all of which can be the cause of increasing mortality. Diabetic nephropathy (DNE), neuropathy (DNU), and retinopathy (DR) are the most common complications of diabetic microangiopathy, while diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and peripheral vascular diseases are the major diabetic macroangiopathy complications. Chalcones (CHs) are in the flavonoid family and are commonly found in certain plant species as intermediate metabolites in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and their derivatives. Natural CHs with different substituents exert diverse therapeutic activities, including antidiabetic ones. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of natural CHs through influencing genes and/or signaling pathways in T2DM complications remain unknown. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing results from experimental models which highlight the mechanisms of natural CHs as therapeutic agents for T2DM complications.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种常见的慢性疾病，表现为血糖不稳定（HG），其病因是胰岛素抵抗（IR）和β细胞功能障碍。T2DM 会增加微血管和大血管并发症的风险，所有这些都会导致死亡率的增加。糖尿病肾病（DNE）、神经病（DNU）和视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病性微血管病变最常见的并发症，而糖尿病性心肌病（DCM）和外周血管疾病是糖尿病性大血管病变的主要并发症。查耳酮（CHs）属于黄酮类化合物，是某些植物物种中黄酮类化合物及其衍生物生物合成过程中的中间代谢产物。具有不同取代基的天然 CHs 具有多种治疗活性，包括抗糖尿病活性。然而，天然 CHs 通过影响基因和/或信号通路在 T2DM 并发症中的治疗机制尚不清楚。因此，本综述总结了现有实验模型的结果，强调了天然 CHs 作为治疗 T2DM 并发症的治疗剂的作用机制。
