Dalmasso Alessandra, Pattono Daniele, Bilewski Carla, Biolcati Federica, Maida Silvia, Bottero Maria Teresa
Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Independent Researcher, 10100 Turin, TO, Italy.
Foods. 2024 Jul 11;13(14):2181. doi: 10.3390/foods13142181.
In recent years, due to the large Romanian community present in Italy, the retail of foods coming from Eastern Europe has increased. The most common type of violation detected in these foods consists of incorrect labeling and species-replacement frauds. In this paper, the compliance of labels of 43 ethnic processed food coming from Eastern Europe and commercialized in Italy was evaluated by means of PCR and Sanger sequencing. Our data revealed 33% of non-compliant labels in samples containing swine, ruminants, and avian ingredients. These results demonstrate that PCR can be easily used for the identification of species in highly processed products, proving to be a rapid, effective, and economic method. On the other hand, samples reporting fish as ingredients highlighted the ineffectiveness of the applied sequencing protocol, due to the low informative property of targeted fragments or to the lack of consensus sequences in the case of uncommon species.
近年来，由于意大利有大量罗马尼亚侨民，来自东欧的食品零售额有所增加。这些食品中检测到的最常见违规类型包括标签不正确和物种替换欺诈。本文通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）和桑格测序法，对43种来自东欧并在意大利商业化的民族加工食品的标签合规性进行了评估。我们的数据显示，在含有猪、反刍动物和禽类成分的样品中，33%的标签不符合规定。这些结果表明，PCR可轻松用于高度加工产品中物种的鉴定，是一种快速、有效且经济的方法。另一方面，报告含有鱼类成分的样品凸显了所应用测序方案的无效性，这是由于目标片段信息性低，或者在罕见物种的情况下缺乏共有序列。
