Centre for Wellbeing Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.
Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Jun 30;21(7):862. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21070862.
Social media is an integral part of adolescents' lives and has a strong influence on development and wellbeing. Research examining adolescent social media use and wellbeing is confusing as findings are inconsistent, inconclusive and contradictory. To address this issue, digital wellbeing scholars recommend that researchers adopt a theoretical approach with the aim of increasing meaningfulness and applicability of findings. Hence, this review applies self-determination theory to investigate how adolescent social media use supports and thwarts the basic psychological needs of relatedness, autonomy and competence. Satisfaction of all three psychological needs is essential for optimal development and wellbeing.
A scoping review was conducted using a systematic search of five databases relating to adolescent social media use. The preferred items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (extension for scoping reviews) was applied resulting in 86 included studies.
Adolescent social media use both supports and thwarts relatedness, autonomy and competence. The findings highlighted how different aspects of adolescent social media use (including intra-personal, inter-personal, situational and environmental factors) contribute to the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs.
This review illustrates how social media can be both beneficial and detrimental to satisfying the basic psychological needs of relatedness, autonomy and competence. This is important when considering that if psychological needs are satisfied or frustrated in adolescence, the repercussions can have a cascading effect throughout adulthood. This review identifies gaps in the literature and provides suggestions for future research.
社交媒体是青少年生活不可或缺的一部分，对其发展和幸福感有着强烈的影响。研究表明，青少年社交媒体的使用和幸福感之间的关系复杂，因为研究结果不一致、不确定且相互矛盾。为了解决这个问题，数字健康领域的学者建议研究人员采用一种理论方法，旨在提高研究结果的意义和适用性。因此，本综述应用自我决定理论来调查青少年社交媒体的使用如何支持和阻碍与关系、自主和能力相关的基本心理需求。满足这三种心理需求对最佳发展和幸福感至关重要。
本研究采用系统搜索五大数据库的方法对青少年社交媒体使用进行了范围综述。本研究应用了首选项目系统评价和荟萃分析方案（范围综述扩展），共纳入 86 项研究。
青少年社交媒体的使用既支持也阻碍了关系、自主和能力。研究结果强调了青少年社交媒体使用的不同方面（包括个人内部、人际、情境和环境因素）如何有助于满足和挫败基本心理需求。
本综述说明了社交媒体如何既能满足与关系、自主和能力相关的基本心理需求，又能对其产生不利影响。考虑到如果青少年时期的心理需求得到满足或受挫，其影响可能会在整个成年期产生连锁反应，这一点很重要。本综述确定了文献中的空白，并为未来的研究提供了建议。
