Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Aero-Soil Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Jul 13;21(7):916. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21070916.
Up to 1.6 million tons of waste is produced annually by each of more than 21,000 concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) located in the United States (USA). These operations give rise to externalities, including adverse local and global health impacts from CAFO waste emissions, which can potentially outweigh their economic viability. However, a shortage of evidence synthesis research exclusively on the impacts of USA-based CAFO waste emissions may hinder effective policy development. This scoping review (ScR) study, adhering to the guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute, conducted a search in databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase in May 2020, resulting in ten publications that met the inclusion criteria. The results suggest possible exposure of CAFO workers to multidrug-resistant (MDRSA), campylobacteriosis, and cryptosporidiosis. Communities near CAFOs experienced higher rates of adverse health impacts compared to those in non-CAFO areas, with patterns suggesting that proximity may correlate with increased odds of detrimental health effects. Implicit global health threats include methicillin-resistant (MRSA), MDRSA, campylobacteriosis, tuberculosis, and cryptosporidiosis. These studies provide foundational insights into CAFO proximity, density patterns, and adverse public health effects, indicating a need for evidence-informed environmental health policies to minimize local and global risks.
每年，美国（USA）超过 21000 家集中式动物饲养场（CAFO）产生多达 160 万吨废物。这些养殖场产生了外部性，包括 CAFO 废物排放对当地和全球健康的不利影响，这可能超过其经济可行性。然而，缺乏专门针对基于美国的 CAFO 废物排放影响的证据综合研究可能会阻碍有效的政策制定。本范围综述（ScR）研究遵循 Joanna Briggs 研究所的指南，于 2020 年 5 月在 Scopus、Web of Science、PubMed 和 Embase 等数据库中进行了检索，最终有 10 篇符合纳入标准的出版物。结果表明，CAFO 工人可能接触到多药耐药（MDRSA）、弯曲杆菌病和隐孢子虫病。与非 CAFO 地区相比，CAFO 附近社区的健康不良影响发生率更高，模式表明接近度可能与健康不良影响的几率增加相关。隐含的全球健康威胁包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、MDRSA、弯曲杆菌病、结核病和隐孢子虫病。这些研究提供了关于 CAFO 接近度、密度模式和不良公共健康影响的基础见解，表明需要制定基于证据的环境卫生政策，以最大程度地降低当地和全球风险。
