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砂浆层和灰泥层的降解机制

Degradation Mechanisms of Mortar and Plaster Layers.

作者信息

Drdácký Miloš, Ševčík Radek, Frankeová Dita, Koudelková Veronika, Buzek Jaroslav, Eisler Marek, Valach Jaroslav

机构信息

Department Heritage Science, Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic.

Department Material Research, Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2024 Jul 11;17(14):3419. doi: 10.3390/ma17143419.

DOI:10.3390/ma17143419
PMID:39063711
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11277696/
Abstract

This article presents a case of complex investigation of defects of lime mortar and plaster that have been developing over a period of 48 years in a house in Prague and are strongly influenced by thermal and salt crystallization cycles. The aim of this research was to describe the degradation phenomena of mortars and plasters observed on a narrowly limited part of the building, combining structural elements of different types and ages and to explain the mechanisms of their formation and development. The geometric characteristics of the defects were determined by non-destructive methods, especially optical interference moiré, laser profilometry, photogrammetry, and infrared thermography. Material data were determined on samples by electron microscopy, ion exchange chromatography, and direct moisture content measurements. The results supported the hypothesis of the increase in the deformation of large buckles of detached plasters by the mechanism of buckling caused by loading of the edges with compression generated by volume changes. Direct loading of the boundary surfaces causes the formation of bulges in the confined areas. This study shows the importance of failure analysis of real structures to gain knowledge about the behavior of structures and materials under long-term service conditions.

摘要

本文介绍了布拉格一所房屋中石灰砂浆和石膏缺陷的复杂调查案例，这些缺陷在48年的时间里不断发展，并且受到热循环和盐结晶循环的强烈影响。本研究的目的是描述在建筑物狭窄有限部分观察到的砂浆和石膏的降解现象，该部分结合了不同类型和年代的结构元素，并解释其形成和发展的机制。缺陷的几何特征通过无损检测方法确定，特别是光学干涉云纹法、激光轮廓测量法、摄影测量法和红外热成像法。通过电子显微镜、离子交换色谱法和直接含水量测量确定样品的材料数据。结果支持了这样的假设，即由于体积变化产生的压缩力作用于边缘导致石膏脱落大褶皱变形增加。边界表面的直接加载会在受限区域形成凸起。这项研究表明了对实际结构进行失效分析对于了解长期使用条件下结构和材料行为的重要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d6fe/11277696/1777e1134076/materials-17-03419-g014.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d6fe/11277696/1777e1134076/materials-17-03419-g014.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Salt mixtures in stone weathering.岩石风化中的盐混合物。
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 16;13(1):13306. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40590-y.
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