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聚氨酯软质泡沫塑料的燃烧性、毒性及微生物特性

Flammability, Toxicity, and Microbiological Properties of Polyurethane Flexible Foams.

作者信息

Głowacki Arkadiusz, Rybiński Przemysław, Czerwonka Grzegorz, Żukowski Witold, Mirkhodjaev Ulugbek Zakirovich, Żelezik Monika

机构信息

Institute of Chemistry, The Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.

Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2024 Jul 16;17(14):3517. doi: 10.3390/ma17143517.

DOI:10.3390/ma17143517
PMID:39063810
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11278372/
Abstract

The aim of the research was to investigate the influence of calcium phosphinate (HPCA) and aluminum phosphinate (HPAL) in synergistic systems with organophosphorus compounds, i.e., diphenylcresyl phosphate (CDP) and trichloropropyl phosphate (TCPP), on the thermal stability, flammability, smoke density, and emission of toxic gases during the thermal decomposition of polyurethane (PUR) foams. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), along with cone calorimetry and microcalorimetry, were used to assess the influence of fillers on the thermal stability and flammability of PUR foams. The analysis of toxic gas products was performed with the use of a coupled TG-gas analyzer system. The optical density of gases was measured with the use of a smoke density chamber (SDC). The obtained results showed an increase in thermal stability and a decrease in the flammability of the PUR composites. However, the results regarding smoke and gas emissions, as well as toxic combustion by-products, present ambiguity. On one hand, the applied flame retardant systems in the form of PUR-HPCA-CDP and PUR-HPCA-TCPP led to a reduction in the concentration of CO and HCN in the gas by-products. On the other hand, they clearly increased the concentration of CO, NOx, and smoke emissions. Microbiological studies indicated that the obtained foam material is completely safe for use and does not exhibit biocidal properties.

摘要

该研究的目的是调查次磷酸钙（HPCA）和次磷酸铝（HPAL）与有机磷化合物，即磷酸二苯甲苯酯（CDP）和磷酸三氯丙酯（TCPP）组成的协同体系，对聚氨酯（PUR）泡沫热分解过程中的热稳定性、可燃性、烟密度和有毒气体排放的影响。采用热重分析（TGA）以及锥形量热法和微量量热法来评估填料对PUR泡沫热稳定性和可燃性的影响。使用TG-气体分析仪联用系统对有毒气体产物进行分析。使用烟密度室（SDC）测量气体的光密度。所得结果表明PUR复合材料的热稳定性有所提高，可燃性有所降低。然而，关于烟雾和气体排放以及有毒燃烧副产物的结果存在不确定性。一方面，以PUR-HPCA-CDP和PUR-HPCA-TCPP形式应用的阻燃体系导致气体副产物中CO和HCN的浓度降低。另一方面，它们明显增加了CO、NOx的浓度和烟雾排放。微生物学研究表明，所得泡沫材料使用完全安全，不具有杀菌性能。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/de57b871d900/materials-17-03517-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/083f57f22db5/materials-17-03517-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/1212e021631c/materials-17-03517-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/dfd8245dda78/materials-17-03517-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/ed8f953c96e4/materials-17-03517-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/15ee3964ee29/materials-17-03517-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/a1d12a62c20b/materials-17-03517-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/02c036b233f7/materials-17-03517-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/21292d47b952/materials-17-03517-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/de57b871d900/materials-17-03517-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/083f57f22db5/materials-17-03517-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/1212e021631c/materials-17-03517-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/dfd8245dda78/materials-17-03517-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/ed8f953c96e4/materials-17-03517-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/15ee3964ee29/materials-17-03517-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/a1d12a62c20b/materials-17-03517-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/02c036b233f7/materials-17-03517-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/21292d47b952/materials-17-03517-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0578/11278372/de57b871d900/materials-17-03517-g009.jpg

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