Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique.
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
Viruses. 2024 Jul 18;16(7):1159. doi: 10.3390/v16071159.
Enteric viruses are the leading cause of diarrhoea in children <5 years. Despite existing studies describing rotavirus diarrhoea in Mozambique, data on other enteric viruses remains scarce, especially after rotavirus vaccine introduction. We explored the prevalence of norovirus GI and GII, adenovirus 40/41, astrovirus, and sapovirus in children <5 years with moderate-to-severe (MSD), less severe (LSD) diarrhoea and community healthy controls, before (2008-2012) and after (2016-2019) rotavirus vaccine introduction in Manhiça District, Mozambique. The viruses were detected using ELISA and conventional reverse transcription PCR from stool samples. Overall, all of the viruses except norovirus GI were significantly more detected after rotavirus vaccine introduction compared to the period before vaccine introduction: norovirus GII in MSD (13/195, 6.7% vs. 24/886, 2.7%, respectively; = 0.006) and LSD (25/268, 9.3% vs. 9/430, 2.1%, < 0.001); adenovirus 40/41 in MSD (7.2% vs. 1.8%, < 0.001); astrovirus in LSD (7.5% vs. 2.6%, = 0.002); and sapovirus in MSD (7.1% vs. 1.4%, = 0.047) and controls (21/475, 4.4% vs. 51/2380, 2.1%, = 0.004). Norovirus GII, adenovirus 40/41, astrovirus, and sapovirus detection increased in MSD and LSD cases after rotavirus vaccine introduction, supporting the need for continued molecular surveillance for the implementation of appropriate control and prevention measures.
肠病毒是导致 5 岁以下儿童腹泻的主要原因。尽管现有研究描述了莫桑比克的轮状病毒腹泻，但其他肠病毒的数据仍然很少，尤其是在轮状病毒疫苗引入之后。我们在莫桑比克马希齐区轮状病毒疫苗引入之前（2008-2012 年）和之后（2016-2019 年），探索了中度至重度腹泻（MSD）、轻度腹泻（LSD）和社区健康对照儿童中诺如病毒 GI 和 GII、腺病毒 40/41、星状病毒和杯状病毒的流行情况。使用 ELISA 和常规逆转录 PCR 从粪便样本中检测到这些病毒。总体而言，与疫苗引入前相比，轮状病毒疫苗引入后所有病毒（除诺如病毒 GI 外）的检出率均显著升高：MSD 中诺如病毒 GII（13/195，6.7%比 24/886，2.7%， = 0.006）和 LSD（25/268，9.3%比 9/430，2.1%， < 0.001）；MSD 中腺病毒 40/41（7.2%比 1.8%， < 0.001）；LSD 中星状病毒（7.5%比 2.6%， = 0.002）；MSD 中杯状病毒（7.1%比 1.4%， = 0.047）和对照（21/475，4.4%比 51/2380，2.1%， = 0.004）。轮状病毒疫苗引入后，MSD 和 LSD 病例中诺如病毒 GII、腺病毒 40/41、星状病毒和杯状病毒的检出率增加，这支持需要继续进行分子监测，以实施适当的控制和预防措施。
