EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ITR- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional, Porto, Portugal.
EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ITR- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional, Porto, Portugal.
J Adolesc Health. 2024 Oct;75(4):591-599. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.05.029. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Limited research has examined the combined effects of psychosocial and material adversities experienced in childhood during adolescence, a sensitive period of rapid social, emotional, and cognitive development. We investigated the interaction effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and socioeconomic circumstances (SECs) during childhood on emerging self-reported depressive symptomatology among 13-year-old Portuguese adolescents.
We utilized data from 4,280 participants in the Generation XXI birth cohort, collected during the baseline (2005-2006), third (2016-2017), and fourth waves (2018-2020). Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from binary logistic regression analyses to estimate the likelihood of depressive symptoms based on exposure to ACEs and adverse family SECs. The interaction effect of ACEs and SECs was evaluated in terms of departure from additive and multiplicative models.
Adolescents who reported experiences of abuse, school-related problems, and household dysfunction, as well as those from less advantaged family SECs at age 10, were more likely to report moderate to severe depressive symptoms at age 13, compared to their more affluent counterparts. We observed a significant additive interaction between low household income and abuse in the development of moderate to severe depressive symptoms [relative excess risk due to interaction, 0.69, 95% CI: 0.11, 1.26]. This interaction remained statistically significant on a multiplicative scale [OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.69].
ACEs and low family SECs during the first decade of life are associated with an elevated risk of moderate to severe depressive symptoms in adolescence.
有限的研究考察了青少年时期经历的心理社会和物质逆境的综合影响，这是一个社会、情感和认知快速发展的敏感时期。我们调查了童年时期不良经历（ACEs）和社会经济状况（SECs）的相互作用对葡萄牙青少年出现的自我报告抑郁症状的影响。
我们利用了 21 世纪出生队列研究的 4280 名参与者的数据，这些数据是在基线（2005-2006 年）、第三波（2016-2017 年）和第四波（2018-2020 年）收集的。我们通过二元逻辑回归分析获得调整后的优势比和 95%置信区间（CI），以根据 ACEs 和不良家庭 SECs 的暴露情况估计抑郁症状的可能性。ACEs 和 SECs 的相互作用效应是根据偏离加性和乘法模型来评估的。
与来自较富裕家庭背景的同龄人相比，报告遭受虐待、学校相关问题和家庭功能障碍经历以及在 10 岁时处于社会经济地位较低家庭环境的青少年，更有可能在 13 岁时报告出现中度至重度抑郁症状。我们观察到低家庭收入和虐待在发展中度至重度抑郁症状方面存在显著的相加交互作用[交互归因的相对超额风险，0.69，95%CI：0.11，1.26]。这种相互作用在乘法尺度上仍然具有统计学意义[比值比=1.61，95%CI：0.99，2.69]。
生命的第一个十年中 ACEs 和低家庭 SECs 与青少年时期出现中度至重度抑郁症状的风险增加有关。
