Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK Gatersleben), Seeland 06466, Germany.
Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK Gatersleben), Seeland 06466, Germany.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2024 Oct;81:102606. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102606. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
It is undeniable that tropane alkaloids (TAs) have been both beneficial and detrimental to human health in the modern era. Understanding their biosynthesis is vital for using synthetic biology to engineer organisms for pharmaceutical production. The most parsimonious approaches to pathway elucidation are traditionally homology-based methods. However, this approach has largely failed for TA biosynthesis in angiosperms. In the recent decade, significant progress has been made in elucidating the TA synthesis pathway in Erythroxylum coca, highlighting the parallel development of TAs in both the Solanaceae and Erythroxylaceae families. This separate evolutionary path has uncovered substantial divergence in the TAs formed by E. coca and distinct enzymatic reactions that differ from the traditional TA biosynthetic pathway found in TA-producing nightshade plants.
不可否认的是，托烷生物碱（TAs）在现代社会中对人类健康既有好处也有坏处。了解它们的生物合成对于利用合成生物学来设计用于药物生产的生物体至关重要。传统上，基于同源性的方法是阐明途径最简约的方法。然而，这种方法在被子植物的 TA 生物合成中基本上已经失败。在最近的十年中，在阐明古柯 Erythroxylum 中的 TA 合成途径方面取得了重大进展，这突显了茄科和古柯科植物中 TA 的平行发展。这条独立的进化途径揭示了古柯产生的 TA 之间存在大量差异，以及与在产生 TA 的茄属植物中发现的传统 TA 生物合成途径不同的独特酶反应。
