Chen Hairong, Sun Dong, Fang Yufei, Gao Shunxiang, Zhang Qiaolin, Bíró István, Tafferner-Gulyás Viktória, Gu Yaodong
Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China.
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Jul 9;12:1435554. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1435554. eCollection 2024.
Flatfoot is characterized by the collapse of the medial longitudinal arch, eversion of the rearfoot and abduction of the loaded forefoot. Orthopedic insoles are the frequently recommended treatment to support the arch of the foot, adjust the structure of the foot, reduce pain, improve stability and new techniques have been applied to the design of orthopedic insoles in recent years. However, the effectiveness of orthopedic insoles in different motions is still debated from the perspective of biomechanics. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of orthopedic insoles on the kinematics and kinetics of lower limb motion, and to verify effectiveness and propose possible future research directions. We conducted a literature search across three databases employing Boolean operations and filtered results based on eligibility criteria. A total of 671 relevant literature were searched in this review, and 19 literature meeting the requirements were finally included. The results showed that: 1) orthopedic insoles were effective when patients walk, run and jump from the perspective of biomechanics; 2) orthopedic insoles had different result on the change of ankle sagittal angle, moment and peak pressure in the metatarsal region; 3) Whether the effect of insoles, which uses new techniques such as different 3D printed technologies and adds various accessories, can be further improved remains to be further studied; 4) Follow-up studies can pay more attention to the differences between diverse populations, increase the breadth of running and jumping and other movements research and long-term intervention.
扁平足的特征是内侧纵弓塌陷、后足外翻以及负重前足外展。矫形鞋垫是常用的治疗方法，用于支撑足弓、调整足部结构、减轻疼痛、提高稳定性，近年来新技术也被应用于矫形鞋垫的设计。然而，从生物力学角度来看，矫形鞋垫在不同运动中的有效性仍存在争议。因此，本研究旨在探讨矫形鞋垫对下肢运动的运动学和动力学的影响，验证其有效性并提出未来可能的研究方向。我们使用布尔运算在三个数据库中进行了文献检索，并根据纳入标准对结果进行筛选。本综述共检索到671篇相关文献，最终纳入19篇符合要求的文献。结果表明：1）从生物力学角度来看，矫形鞋垫在患者行走、跑步和跳跃时是有效的；2）矫形鞋垫对踝关节矢状角、力矩以及跖骨区域的峰值压力变化有不同影响；3）使用不同3D打印技术等新技术并添加各种附件的鞋垫效果能否进一步提高仍有待进一步研究；4）后续研究可以更多地关注不同人群之间的差异，增加跑步和跳跃等运动研究的广度以及长期干预。
