Bharti Nita, Luther Anil, Deodhar Michael, Mahajan Amit, Kumar Rajesh
Department of CTVS, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Department of General Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Jul;13(7):2663-2668. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1652_23. Epub 2024 Jun 28.
To evaluate the patients at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) based on Caprini VTE risk assessment scale and the effect of implementation of this scale on the use of thromboprophylaxis.
A prospective study was conducted, including patients who underwent major elective surgical procedures. Demographic details were noted, and VTE prophylaxis offered if needed. According to the VTE risk assessment scale, patients were categorised into very low-, low-, moderate-, and high-risk categories. The data were analysed statistically.
A total of 500 patients (women = 259; men = 241) were enrolled in this study. Of them, eight women and nine men developed VTE ( = 0.691). The maximum number of patients who developed VTE belonged to 61-70 years group ( = 7). According to VTE risk assessment, 61 patients were categorised as low-risk, 217 patients as moderate-risk, and 222 patients were categorised as high-risk. A significant ( < 0.0005) correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and VTE development. In obese patients with BMI >25, 14 patients developed VTE. Out of total, 329 patients received prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis. Of 284 patients who received pharmacologic prophylaxis, only three developed VTE ( = 0.002). Of 145 patients who received mechanical prophylaxis, 75 had high risk and none of them developed VTE. Four patients had mortality, and a significant ( = 0.022) correlation was found between mortality and VTE development.
According to Caprini risk assessment scale, the prophylaxis for VTE was effective in patients undergoing major elective general surgery, resulting in significant lowering of morbidity and mortality.
基于Caprini静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）风险评估量表评估有VTE风险的患者，以及实施该量表对血栓预防措施使用情况的影响。
进行了一项前瞻性研究，纳入接受大型择期外科手术的患者。记录人口统计学细节，必要时提供VTE预防措施。根据VTE风险评估量表，将患者分为极低、低、中、高风险类别。对数据进行统计学分析。
本研究共纳入500例患者（女性 = 259例；男性 = 241例）。其中，8名女性和9名男性发生了VTE（P = 0.691）。发生VTE的患者中人数最多的属于61 - 70岁年龄组（P = 7）。根据VTE风险评估，61例患者被分类为低风险，217例患者为中风险，222例患者为高风险。发现体重指数（BMI）与VTE发生之间存在显著相关性（P < 0.0005）。在BMI > 25的肥胖患者中，14例发生了VTE。总共329例患者接受了深静脉血栓形成的预防措施。在接受药物预防的284例患者中，只有3例发生了VTE（P = 0.002）。在接受机械预防的145例患者中，75例为高风险，且无一例发生VTE。4例患者死亡，发现死亡率与VTE发生之间存在显著相关性（P = 0.022）。
根据Caprini风险评估量表，VTE预防措施对接受大型择期普通外科手术的患者有效，可显著降低发病率和死亡率。
