Althubyani Ali A, Canto Samantha, Pham Huy, Holger Dana J, Rey Jose
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Drugs Context. 2024 Jul 24;13. doi: 10.7573/dic.2024-3-3. eCollection 2024.
Antibiotics are amongst the most prescribed medications globally in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity is relatively uncommon; yet, when it occurs, it can lead to severe morbidity ranging from dizziness and confusion to seizure and psychosis. However, the actual incidence rate of these adverse events may be higher due to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis as they are commonly confused with clinical manifestations of different neuropsychiatric conditions. The incidence and mechanism of antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity vary between different antibiotic classes and clinical presentation (i.e. neurotoxicity psychiatric toxicity). However, the exact mechanism by which antibiotics can cause neuropsychiatric toxicity remains unclear. This article reviews the epidemiology of antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity, explores potential mechanisms of this adverse event, investigates variations in frequency and clinical presentations between different antibiotic classes causing neuropsychiatric toxicity, and discusses management strategies.
抗生素是全球住院和门诊环境中处方最多的药物之一。抗生素引起的神经精神毒性相对不常见；然而，当它发生时，可能导致严重的发病率，从头晕和困惑到癫痫和精神病。然而，由于诊断不足或误诊，这些不良事件的实际发生率可能更高，因为它们通常与不同神经精神疾病的临床表现相混淆。抗生素引起的神经精神毒性的发生率和机制在不同的抗生素类别和临床表现（即神经毒性、精神毒性）之间有所不同。然而，抗生素导致神经精神毒性的确切机制仍不清楚。本文综述了抗生素引起的神经精神毒性的流行病学，探讨了这一不良事件的潜在机制，研究了导致神经精神毒性的不同抗生素类别在频率和临床表现上的差异，并讨论了管理策略。
