Santibáñez-Palma J Francisco, Ferrer-Urbina Rodrigo, Sepúlveda-Páez Geraldy, Bravo de la Fuente Josefa, Alarcón-Castillo Karina
Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 15;15:1386235. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1386235. eCollection 2024.
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global crisis with severe consequences for public health. There have been negative impacts on people's quality of life and mental health due to various stressors arising in this context, such as physical, social, economic, and psychological challenges. Noteworthy among these are the indirect effects of health measures, especially social distancing and confinement, which have significantly altered people's daily lives and social activities, producing high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. This study proposes developing and validating a cross-sectional scale called the "Environmental Stressors Scale (ECSS-20)" to address the need to measure the impact of environmental stressors during confinement. The scale, which has been validated following ethical and methodological guidelines, consists of four dimensions: economic stressors (EE), social activities (SA), habitability (H), and exposure to virtual media (EMV). A pilot study ( = 113) and a main study ( = 314) were applied. The results showed that the instrument has a reliable and valid structure, with satisfactory internal consistency and factorial validity. Likewise, gender invariance tests supported its suitability for its applicability to women and men. Overall, the ECSS-20 is a valuable instrument for assessing the impact of confinement and improving the understanding of people's subjective experiences in this situation. Future research could further develop its applicability in different contexts and populations to better understand its usefulness and psychometric properties.
新冠疫情引发了一场全球危机，对公众健康造成了严重后果。由于在此背景下出现的各种压力源，如身体、社会、经济和心理挑战，人们的生活质量和心理健康受到了负面影响。其中值得注意的是健康措施的间接影响，尤其是社交距离和隔离措施，这些措施极大地改变了人们的日常生活和社交活动，产生了高度的焦虑、抑郁和压力。本研究提议开发并验证一个名为“环境压力源量表（ECSS - 20）”的横断面量表，以满足测量隔离期间环境压力源影响的需求。该量表已按照伦理和方法指南进行了验证，由四个维度组成：经济压力源（EE）、社会活动（SA）、居住适宜性（H）和虚拟媒体接触（EMV）。进行了一项预试验（n = 113）和一项主要研究（n = 314）。结果表明，该工具具有可靠且有效的结构，具有令人满意的内部一致性和因子效度。同样，性别不变性检验支持其适用于男性和女性。总体而言，ECSS - 20是评估隔离影响以及增进对人们在此情况下主观体验理解的有价值工具。未来的研究可以进一步拓展其在不同背景和人群中的适用性，以更好地理解其效用和心理测量特性。
