Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2024 Oct;144(10):4541-4547. doi: 10.1007/s00402-024-05455-7. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Beginning in France in the 1960s, the management of acetabular fractures has increasingly evolved toward surgical treatment strategies. The basic principles established by the pioneers of acetabular surgery, Letournel and Judet - anatomical reconstruction of the joint and stable osteosynthesis - remain unchanged. Modern advancements in surgical techniques aim to reduce access-related trauma and minimize complications. The notable rise in acetabular fractures among the elderly, which predominantly affect the anterior aspects of the acetabulum, has driven the development of less invasive, soft tissue-sparing anterior approaches. This evolution began with the ilio-inguinal approach in the 1960s, progressed to the modified Stoppa approach in the 2000s and, most recently, the Pararectus approach in the 2010s. Each of these approaches upholds the fundamental principles of effective acetabular fracture care, while offering distinct advantages and disadvantages. In this review, we examine the merits and limitations of the Pararectus approach, specifically focusing on its utility in the surgical treatment of anterior column posterior hemitransverse acetabular fractures. Ultimately, the success of the individual patient's outcome is less dependent on the chosen approach and more on the surgeon's experience and expertise. Ideally, surgeons should be proficient in all these approaches to tailor the surgical strategy to the individual patient's requirements, thereby ensuring optimal outcomes.
自 20 世纪 60 年代在法国开始,髋臼骨折的治疗策略逐渐向手术治疗方向发展。髋臼外科先驱 Letournel 和 Judet 确立的基本原则——关节的解剖重建和稳定的骨固定——仍然没有改变。手术技术的现代进步旨在减少与入路相关的创伤并最小化并发症。髋臼骨折在老年人中的显著增加,主要影响髋臼的前侧,推动了微创、软组织保护的前入路的发展。这种演变始于 20 世纪 60 年代的髂腹股沟入路,发展到 21 世纪的改良 Stoppa 入路,最近又发展到 21 世纪 10 年代的 Pararectus 入路。这些入路中的每一种都坚持有效的髋臼骨折治疗的基本原则,同时具有独特的优点和缺点。在这篇综述中,我们研究了 Pararectus 入路的优点和局限性,特别是它在治疗前柱后横形髋臼骨折中的应用。最终,患者个体的治疗结果的成功与否,较少取决于所选的入路,而更多取决于外科医生的经验和专业知识。理想情况下,外科医生应该精通所有这些入路,以便根据患者的个体需求定制手术策略,从而确保最佳的结果。