Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India 632004.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India 632004.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2024 Jul 29;18(7):1108-1117. doi: 10.3855/jidc.19397.
Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) influences the pathogenesis and outcome of viral infections. We investigated the prevalence and impact of HPgV-1 due to the paucity of studies on Indian people living with HIV (PLHIV).
Samples were collected from 347 treatment-naïve PLHIV; and 100 blood donors negative for HIV, HBV, and HCV. CD4+ T-cell and HIV-1 viral load were measured using flow-cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), respectively. HPgV-1 was quantified and genotyped by qPCR and Sanger sequencing, respectively.
HPgV-1 viremia in PLHIV and controls was 11% (38/347) and 1% (1/100), respectively. We found HPgV-1 genotype-2a in PLHIV and genotype-2b in controls. Male preponderance was seen in HIV-1 mono-infection and co-infection groups (166 vs. 143 and 33 vs. 5; p < 0.0001). The peak prevalence of HPgV-1 was at 31-50 years (p = 0.02). CD4+ T-cell count (245.5 vs. 240; p = 0.59) and HIV-1 log viral load (4.7 vs. 4.9; p = 0.50) were not significantly different between the HIV-1 mono-infected and coinfected individuals. However, a direct correlation existed between HpgV-1 viral load and CD4+ T-cell count (r = 0.27, p = 0.05) and an inverse correlation with HIV-1 viral load (r = -0.21, p = 0.10).
This is the first study in India to estimate the HPgV-1 prevalence in PLHIV with the predominance of genotype-2a. HPgV-1 viremia had a moderate impact on CD4+ T-cells and HIV-1 viral load, which requires a longitudinal study to identify the beneficial influence on HIV-1 disease progression and outcome.
人类疱疹病毒 1 型（HPgV-1）影响病毒感染的发病机制和结果。由于缺乏对印度艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）的研究，我们调查了 HPgV-1 的流行率和影响。
从 347 名初治 PLHIV 和 100 名 HIV、HBV 和 HCV 阴性的献血者中采集样本。使用流式细胞术和定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分别测量 CD4+ T 细胞和 HIV-1 病毒载量。通过 qPCR 和 Sanger 测序分别定量和分型 HPgV-1。
PLHIV 和对照组的 HPgV-1 病毒血症分别为 11%（38/347）和 1%（1/100）。我们在 PLHIV 中发现了 HPgV-1 基因型 2a，在对照组中发现了基因型 2b。在 HIV-1 单感染和混合感染组中，男性占优势（166 比 143 和 33 比 5；p<0.0001）。HPgV-1 的最高流行率发生在 31-50 岁（p=0.02）。CD4+ T 细胞计数（245.5 比 240；p=0.59）和 HIV-1 对数病毒载量（4.7 比 4.9；p=0.50）在 HIV-1 单感染和混合感染个体之间没有显著差异。然而，HpgV-1 病毒载量与 CD4+ T 细胞计数之间存在直接相关性（r=0.27，p=0.05），与 HIV-1 病毒载量之间存在负相关（r=-0.21，p=0.10）。
这是印度第一项估计 PLHIV 中 HPgV-1 流行率的研究，其优势基因型为 2a。HPgV-1 病毒血症对 CD4+ T 细胞和 HIV-1 病毒载量有一定影响，这需要进行纵向研究以确定其对 HIV-1 疾病进展和结局的有益影响。
