Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, United States.
Elife. 2024 Jul 30;13:RP97812. doi: 10.7554/eLife.97812.
Fertilization occurs before the completion of oocyte meiosis in the majority of animal species and sperm contents move long distances within the zygotes of mouse and . If incorporated into the meiotic spindle, paternal chromosomes could be expelled into a polar body resulting in lethal monosomy. Through live imaging of fertilization in , we found that the microtubule disassembling enzymes, katanin and kinesin-13 limit long-range movement of sperm contents and that maternal ataxin-2 maintains paternal DNA and paternal mitochondria as a cohesive unit that moves together. Depletion of katanin or double depletion of kinesin-13 and ataxin-2 resulted in the capture of the sperm contents by the meiotic spindle. Thus limiting movement of sperm contents and maintaining cohesion of sperm contents within the zygote both contribute to preventing premature interaction between maternal and paternal genomes.
受精发生在大多数动物物种的卵母细胞减数分裂完成之前，并且精子内容物在小鼠和 的受精卵内远距离移动。如果被纳入减数分裂纺锤体，父本染色体可能被排斥到极体中，导致致命的单体。通过 在体内受精的实时成像，我们发现微管解聚酶 katanin 和 kinesin-13 限制了精子内容物的远距离运动，并且母本 ataxin-2 将父本 DNA 和父本线粒体维持为一个整体，一起移动。katanin 的耗尽或 kinesin-13 和 ataxin-2 的双重耗尽导致精子内容物被减数分裂纺锤体捕获。因此，限制精子内容物的运动并保持受精卵内精子内容物的凝聚力，都有助于防止母本和父本基因组之间过早相互作用。
