Punjab School of Economics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug;31(37):49529-49545. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34478-1. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
The surge in economic growth and increased agricultural output can augment societal well-being whilst proliferating environmental stressors. So, the study tests the validity of the "agriculture-induced Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis" (AEKC) by assessing the varied environmental proxies that have yet to be accounted for earlier in the case of BRICS economies. Furthermore, most studies have utilised "first-generation econometric approaches" as the "cross-sectional dependency" has not been deemed in estimation. On account of this, the research employed "second-generation CIPS and CADF unit root test", "Westerlund cointegration test", "fully modified ordinary least square" (FMOLS) and "dynamic ordinary least square" (DOLS) to test the validity of AEKC in "BRICS countries" for 30 years. A positive association between agriculture and "ecological footprint" has been found which evidences the presence of an "inverted U-shaped AEKC" in BRICS nations. Another finding shows that the favourable impact of agriculture towards climate change can be moderated by illustrating the interaction effect of "human capital" and "renewable energy" with "agriculture". Lastly, the investigation brings forth the policy repercussions and acumens for the BRICS governments and policymakers in halting climate change by using renewable energy in agriculture and building human capital.
经济增长的激增和农业产量的增加可以增加社会福利，同时也会增加环境压力。因此，本研究通过评估尚未在金砖国家经济体中考虑的各种环境指标，检验了“农业引发的环境库兹涅茨曲线假说”（AEKC）的有效性。此外，大多数研究都采用了“第一代计量经济学方法”，因为在估计中没有考虑“横截面相关性”。鉴于此，本研究采用了“第二代 CIPS 和 CADF 单位根检验”、“Westerlund 协整检验”、“完全修正最小二乘法”（FMOLS）和“动态最小二乘法”（DOLS）来检验“金砖国家”30 年来 AEKC 的有效性。研究发现农业与“生态足迹”之间存在正相关关系，这表明金砖国家存在“倒 U 型 AEKC”。另一个发现表明，通过说明“人力资本”和“可再生能源”与“农业”的相互作用效应，可以缓和农业对气候变化的有利影响。最后，该研究为金砖国家政府和政策制定者提供了政策影响和启示，通过在农业中使用可再生能源和建设人力资本来阻止气候变化。
