Hu Yunan, Hu Yongjun, Gao Shujuan, Luan Zhihui, Zhang Tao, Guo Jixun, Shi Lianxuan
Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
School of Life Sciences, ChangChun Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Ann Bot. 2024 Jul 31. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcae124.
Soil salinization adversely threatens plant survival and food production globally. The mobilization of storage reserves in cotyledons and establishment of the hypocotyl/root axis (HRA) structure and function are crucial to the growth of dicotyledonous plants during the post-germination growth period. Here, we report the adaptive mechanisms of wild and cultivated soybeans in response to alkali stress in soil during the post-germination growth period.
Diferences in physiological parameters, microstructure, and the types, amounts and metabolic pathways of small molecule metabolites and gene expression were compared and multi-omics integration analysis was performed between wild and cultivated soybean under sufcient and artifcially simulated alkali stress during the post-germination growth period in this study.
Structural analysis showed that the cell wall thickness of wild soybean under alkali stress increased, whereas cultivated soybeans were severely damaged. A comprehensive analysis of small molecule metabolites and gene expression revealed that protein breakdown in wild soybean cotyledons under alkali stress was enhanced, and transport of amino acids and sucrose increased. Additionally, lignin and cellulose synthesis in wild soybean HRA under alkali stress were enhanced.
verall, protein decomposition and transport of amino acids and sucrose increased in wild soybean cotyledons under alkali stress, which in turn, promotes HRA growth. Similarly, lignin and cellulose synthesis in wild soybean HRA enhanced, which subsequently, enhanced cell wall synthesis, thereby maintaining the stability and functionality of HRA under alkali stress. This study presents important practical implications for the utilization of wild plant resources and sustainable development of agriculture.
土壤盐碱化对全球植物生存和粮食生产构成不利威胁。在双子叶植物萌发后的生长阶段，子叶中储存储备的调动以及下胚轴/根轴（HRA）结构和功能的建立对其生长至关重要。在此，我们报道了野生和栽培大豆在萌发后生长阶段对土壤碱胁迫的适应性机制。
本研究比较了野生和栽培大豆在充足和人工模拟碱胁迫下萌发后生长阶段的生理参数、微观结构、小分子代谢物的类型、数量和代谢途径以及基因表达差异，并进行了多组学整合分析。
结构分析表明，碱胁迫下野生大豆的细胞壁厚度增加，而栽培大豆受到严重损伤。对小分子代谢物和基因表达的综合分析表明，碱胁迫下野生大豆子叶中的蛋白质分解增强，氨基酸和蔗糖的转运增加。此外，碱胁迫下野生大豆HRA中的木质素和纤维素合成增强。
总体而言，碱胁迫下野生大豆子叶中的蛋白质分解以及氨基酸和蔗糖的转运增加，进而促进了HRA的生长。同样，野生大豆HRA中的木质素和纤维素合成增强，随后增强了细胞壁合成，从而在碱胁迫下维持了HRA的稳定性和功能。本研究对野生植物资源的利用和农业可持续发展具有重要的实际意义。
