Hu Yunan, Li Mingxia, Hu Yongjun, Han Defu, Wei Jian, Zhang Tao, Guo Jixun, Shi Lianxuan
Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China.
School of Life Sciences, ChangChun Normal University, Changchun, China.
Physiol Plant. 2023 Jan;175(1):e13863. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13863.
Salt stress has become one of the main factors limiting crop yield in recent years. The post-germinative growth is most sensitive to salt stress in soybean. In this study, cultivated and wild soybeans were used for an integrated metabonomics and transcriptomics analysis to determine whether wild soybean can resist salt stress by maintaining the mobilization of stored substances in cotyledons and the balance of carbon and nitrogen in the hypocotyl/root axis (HRA). Compared with wild soybean, the growth of cultivated soybean was significantly inhibited during the post-germinative growth period under salt stress. Integrating analysis found that the breakdown products of proteins, such as glutamate, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and asparagine, increased significantly in wild soybean cotyledons. Asparagine synthase and fumarate hydratase genes and genes encoding HSP20 family proteins were specifically upregulated. In wild soybean HRA, levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, asparagine, citric acid, and succinic acid increased significantly, and the glutamate decarboxylase gene and the gene encoding carbonic anhydrase in nitrogen metabolism were significantly upregulated. The metabolic model indicated that wild soybean enhanced the decomposition of stored proteins and the transport of amino acids to the HRA in cotyledons and the GABA shunt to maintain carbon and nitrogen balance in the HRA to resist salt stress. This study provided a theoretical basis for cultivating salt-tolerant soybean varieties and opened opportunities for the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
盐胁迫已成为近年来限制作物产量的主要因素之一。大豆萌发后的生长对盐胁迫最为敏感。在本研究中，利用栽培大豆和野生大豆进行了综合代谢组学和转录组学分析，以确定野生大豆是否能够通过维持子叶中储存物质的动员以及下胚轴/根轴（HRA）中碳氮平衡来抵抗盐胁迫。与野生大豆相比，盐胁迫下栽培大豆在萌发后生长期间的生长受到显著抑制。整合分析发现，野生大豆子叶中蛋白质的分解产物，如谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天冬氨酸和天冬酰胺显著增加。天冬酰胺合成酶和富马酸水合酶基因以及编码HSP20家族蛋白的基因被特异性上调。在野生大豆HRA中，谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、天冬酰胺、柠檬酸和琥珀酸水平显著增加，氮代谢中的谷氨酸脱羧酶基因和编码碳酸酐酶的基因显著上调。代谢模型表明，野生大豆增强了子叶中储存蛋白质的分解以及氨基酸向HRA的转运和GABA分流，以维持HRA中的碳氮平衡来抵抗盐胁迫。本研究为培育耐盐大豆品种提供了理论依据，并为可持续农业实践的发展提供了契机。
