Xiang Yang, Zhang Dian, Li Lei, Xue Yi-Xuan, Zhang Chao-Yang, Meng Qing-Feng, Wang Jin, Tan Xiao-Li, Li Yu-Long
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jul 16;15:1429011. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1429011. eCollection 2024.
The epitranscriptomic mark -methyladenosine (mA) is the most common type of messenger RNA (mRNA) post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes. With the discovery of the demethylase FTO (FAT MASS AND OBESITY-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN) in , this modification has been proven to be dynamically reversible. With technological advances, research on mA modification in plants also rapidly developed. mA modification is widely distributed in plants, which is usually enriched near the stop codons and 3'-UTRs, and has conserved modification sequences. The related proteins of mA modification mainly consist of three components: methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and reading proteins (readers). mA modification mainly regulates the growth and development of plants by modulating the RNA metabolic processes and playing an important role in their responses to environmental signals. In this review, we briefly outline the development of mA modification detection techniques; comparatively analyze the distribution characteristics of mA in plants; summarize the methyltransferases, demethylases, and binding proteins related to mA; elaborate on how mA modification functions in plant growth, development, and response to environmental signals; and provide a summary and outlook on the research of mA in plants.
表观转录组学标记——N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是真核生物中最常见的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）转录后修饰类型。随着2009年去甲基化酶FTO（脂肪量与肥胖相关蛋白）的发现，这种修饰已被证明是动态可逆的。随着技术的进步，植物中m6A修饰的研究也迅速发展。m6A修饰在植物中广泛分布，通常在终止密码子和3'非翻译区（3'-UTR）附近富集，并且具有保守的修饰序列。m6A修饰的相关蛋白主要由三个部分组成：甲基转移酶（写入蛋白）、去甲基化酶（擦除蛋白）和阅读蛋白（读取蛋白）。m6A修饰主要通过调节RNA代谢过程来调控植物的生长发育，并在植物对环境信号的响应中发挥重要作用。在本综述中，我们简要概述了m6A修饰检测技术的发展；比较分析了m6A在植物中的分布特征；总结了与m6A相关的甲基转移酶、去甲基化酶和结合蛋白；阐述了m6A修饰在植物生长、发育及对环境信号响应中的作用机制；并对植物中m6A的研究进行了总结与展望。
