Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center.
Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2024 Dec 1;37(6):474-484. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001045. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
This review aims to highlight the multifaceted nature of brucellosis, emphasizing the latest advancements in its diagnosis and management. Given the global prevalence and potential complications of brucellosis, understanding recent advancements in diagnostic techniques and treatment strategies is crucial for clinicians.
Recent literature reveals significant progress in diagnostic methods, including the application of fluorescence polarization immunoassay and time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer technologies as well as the invention of artificial Brucella antigens, which offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity. Advances in molecular diagnostics and serological tests have improved early detection rates, however their interpretation remains challenging. Evolving treatment regimens such as the use of hydroxychloroquine as part of triple therapy and the use of nano-delivery systems in therapies have shown promise, in hopes of reducing relapse rates and managing chronic cases.
The findings underscore the necessity for clinicians to adopt a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and managing brucellosis. Integrating advanced diagnostic tools with tailored therapeutic strategies can significantly improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on optimizing these diagnostic techniques and exploring novel therapeutic agents.
本文旨在强调布鲁氏菌病的多面性，强调其诊断和治疗的最新进展。鉴于布鲁氏菌病的全球流行和潜在并发症，了解诊断技术和治疗策略的最新进展对临床医生至关重要。
最近的文献揭示了诊断方法的重大进展，包括荧光偏振免疫测定和时间分辨荧光共振能量转移技术的应用以及人工布鲁氏菌抗原的发明，这些方法提供了更高的灵敏度和特异性。分子诊断和血清学检测的进展提高了早期检测率，但它们的解释仍然具有挑战性。正在发展的治疗方案，如三联疗法中使用羟氯喹和纳米递药系统在治疗中的应用，有希望降低复发率并治疗慢性病例。
这些发现强调了临床医生采用综合方法诊断和管理布鲁氏菌病的必要性。将先进的诊断工具与针对性的治疗策略相结合，可以显著改善患者的预后。未来的研究应侧重于优化这些诊断技术并探索新的治疗药物。
