Herzlia Medical Center, Herzlia, Israel.
Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Acta Myol. 2024 Jun;43(2):57-61. doi: 10.36185/2532-1900-405.
Non-invasive ventilation use is increasing in patients from acute respiratory failure. However, nutritional assessment and medical nutritional therapy are often missed and patients may be frequently underfed. This review evaluates the tools for nutritional screening and assessment, assesses the use of medical nutritional therapy in various techniques of non invasive ventilation and suggested tools to improve this therapy.
METHODS, RESULTS: A review of the literature was performed to evaluate the tools available to define malnutrition and determine the energy needs of patients requiring non invasive ventilation. Energy and protein intake was assessed in 16 recent papers. High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen therapy and non invasive ventilation using mask were described and nutritional therapy determined in each condition.
The Global Leadership International Malnutrition Assessment seems to be the best assessment to be recommended. Energy expenditure is optimally obtained by indirect calorimetry. Patients with Non invasive ventilation are even more underfed than patients receiving High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen therapy.
A better determination of malnutrition, a more adequate energy requirement and an improved energy and protein administration are required in patients with acute respiratory failure treated with non invasive ventilation.
无创通气在急性呼吸衰竭患者中的应用正在增加。然而，营养评估和医学营养治疗往往被忽视，患者可能经常得不到足够的营养。本综述评估了营养筛查和评估的工具，评估了各种无创通气技术中医学营养治疗的应用，并提出了改善这种治疗的工具。
方法，结果：对文献进行了回顾，以评估现有的工具，以确定营养不良，并确定需要无创通气的患者的能量需求。评估了 16 篇最新论文中的能量和蛋白质摄入。描述了高流量鼻导管氧疗和面罩无创通气，并确定了每种情况下的营养治疗。
全球领导力国际营养不良评估似乎是最好的推荐评估方法。间接热量法是最佳的能量消耗测量方法。接受无创通气的患者比接受高流量鼻导管氧疗的患者摄入的能量更少。
对于接受无创通气治疗的急性呼吸衰竭患者，需要更好地确定营养不良，更准确地确定能量需求，并改善能量和蛋白质的摄入。
