Abara Winston E, Kirkcaldy Robert D, Bernstein Kyle T, Galloway Eboni, Learner Emily R
Division of STD Prevention.
Center for Scientific Education and Leadership, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 4;231(1):61-70. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae383.
There is no licensed vaccine against gonorrhea, but Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B outer membrane vesicle-based vaccines, such as MenB-4C, may offer cross-protection against gonorrhea. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized the published literature on MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea.
We conducted a literature search of electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English from 1 January 2013 to 11 September 2024 that reported MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness estimates against gonorrhea and gonorrhea/chlamydia coinfection and the duration of MenB-4C vaccine-induced protection. We estimated pooled MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness (≥1 dose) against gonorrhea using the DerSimonian-Laird random effects model.
Eight articles met our eligibility criteria. Receipt of ≥1 dose of MenB-4C vaccine was 23% to 47% effective against gonorrhea. Two doses of MenB-4C vaccine were 33% to 40% effective against gonorrhea, and 1 dose of MenB-4C vaccine was 26% effective. MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea/chlamydia coinfection was mixed, with 2 studies reporting effectiveness estimates of 32% and 44% and 2 other studies showing no protective effect. MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea was comparable in people with HIV (44%) and people without HIV (23%-47%). Pooled MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness (≥1 dose) against gonorrhea was 32.4%. One study concluded that MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea may wane approximately 36 months postvaccination.
MenB-4C vaccine is moderately effective against gonorrhea in various populations. Prospective clinical trials that assess the efficacy of MenB-4C against gonorrhea, gonorrhea/chlamydia coinfection, and duration of protection are warranted to strengthen this evidence.
目前尚无获得许可的淋病疫苗，但基于B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌外膜囊泡的疫苗，如MenB - 4C，可能对淋病提供交叉保护。本系统评价和荟萃分析综合了已发表的关于MenB - 4C疫苗预防淋病有效性的文献。
我们对电子数据库（PubMed、Medline、Embase、Global Health、Scopus、Google Scholar、CINAHL和Cochrane图书馆）进行了文献检索，以确定2013年1月1日至2024年9月11日期间以英文发表的同行评审文章，这些文章报告了MenB - 4C疫苗对淋病和淋病/衣原体合并感染的有效性估计以及MenB - 4C疫苗诱导的保护持续时间。我们使用DerSimonian - Laird随机效应模型估计MenB - 4C疫苗（≥1剂）预防淋病的合并有效性。
八篇文章符合我们的纳入标准。接种≥1剂MenB - 4C疫苗预防淋病的有效性为23%至47%。两剂MenB - 4C疫苗预防淋病的有效性为33%至40%，一剂MenB - 4C疫苗的有效性为26%。MenB - 4C疫苗对淋病/衣原体合并感染的有效性参差不齐，两项研究报告的有效性估计分别为32%和44%，另外两项研究显示无保护作用。MenB - 4C疫苗对感染HIV的人（44%）和未感染HIV的人（23% - 47%）预防淋病的有效性相当。MenB - 4C疫苗（≥1剂）预防淋病的合并有效性为32.4%。一项研究得出结论，MenB - 4C疫苗预防淋病的有效性可能在接种后约36个月减弱。
MenB - 4C疫苗在不同人群中对淋病有中等程度的有效性。有必要进行前瞻性临床试验，以评估MenB - 4C对淋病、淋病/衣原体合并感染以及保护持续时间的疗效，以加强这一证据。
