Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U.S.A.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2024 Aug 28;52(4):1765-1776. doi: 10.1042/BST20231395.
Like 'influencers' who achieve fame and power through social media, ceramides are low abundance members of communication platforms that have a mighty impact on their surroundings. Ceramide microdomains form within sphingolipid-laden lipid rafts that confer detergent resistance to cell membranes and serve as important signaling hubs. In cells exposed to excessive amounts of saturated fatty acids (e.g. in obesity), the abundance of ceramide-rich microdomains within these rafts increases, leading to concomitant alterations in cellular metabolism and survival that contribute to cardiometabolic disease. In this mini-review, we discuss the evidence supporting the formation of these ceramide microdomains and describe the spectrum of harmful ceramide-driven metabolic actions under the context of an evolutionary theory. Moreover, we discuss the proximal 'followers' of these ceramide media stars that account for the diverse intracellular actions that allow them to influence obesity-linked disease.
类似于通过社交媒体获得名利的“网红”，神经酰胺是通讯平台上丰度较低的成员，但对其周围环境却有着巨大的影响。神经酰胺微域在富含神经酰胺的脂筏内形成，赋予细胞膜抗去污剂的特性，并作为重要的信号枢纽。在暴露于过量饱和脂肪酸的细胞中（例如肥胖症患者），这些脂筏内富含神经酰胺的微域丰度增加，导致细胞代谢和存活的相应改变，从而导致代谢心血管疾病。在这篇迷你综述中，我们讨论了支持这些神经酰胺微域形成的证据，并根据进化理论描述了有害的神经酰胺驱动的代谢作用谱。此外，我们还讨论了这些神经酰胺介质明星的近端“追随者”，它们解释了允许它们影响与肥胖相关疾病的各种细胞内作用。
