新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行期间医护人员工作场所暴力中性别差异的流行率和模式：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Prevalence and patterns of gender disparity in workplace violence among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Department of Cardiology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.

出版信息

Public Health. 2024 Oct;235:76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.037. Epub 2024 Jul 30.

DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.037

PMID:39084046

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Despite the critical value of healthcare workers (HCWs) demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic, there remains a noted global surge in violence against this population. The present meta-analysis aimed to gather data on the prevalence of workplace violence (WPV) against HCWs and to determine if there is any difference based on gender.

STUDY DESIGN

This was a systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS

A thorough search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Lilacs, and Cochrane Collaboration databases was conducted from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic until March 8, 2023. Two authors independently carried out screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, followed by statistical analysis using random-effects meta-analysis and subgroup analysis to assess heterogeneity.

RESULTS

We included 22 studies with 44,357 participants, of which 79.37% were women. The analysis revealed an overall prevalence of WPV similar in both women (51.86%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 41.39-62.33) and men (51.45%, 95% CI: 40.95-61.95). There were considerable differences in gender-based WPV across geographic regions. Aggressions tend to be higher toward men in Asia (odds ratio [OR] 0.79, 95% CI 0.74-0.85, P < 0.001). Conversely, in Latin America, WPV prevalence was higher in women (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.4, P = 0.035). HCWs from low- middle-income-level countries suffered a higher incidence of violence irrespective of gender compared with high- and upper-middle-income countries (72.36% vs 47.35%).

CONCLUSIONS

Our data indicate that more than half of HCWs experienced WPV during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, women and HCWs in low-middle-income countries were notably vulnerable to WPV. A deeper understanding of the nuances behind violence against HCWs will help to facilitate tailored strategies for different demographical contexts.

REGISTRATION

PROSPERO ID: CRD42023403970.

摘要

目的

尽管在 COVID-19 大流行期间医护人员（HCWs）的重要性得到了充分体现，但针对这一人群的暴力行为在全球范围内仍呈显著上升趋势。本荟萃分析旨在收集针对医护人员工作场所暴力（WPV）的流行率数据，并确定其是否因性别而有所不同。

研究设计

这是一项系统评价和荟萃分析。

方法

从 COVID-19 大流行开始到 2023 年 3 月 8 日，对 PubMed/MEDLINE、Lilacs 和 Cochrane 协作数据库进行了全面检索。两名作者独立进行筛选、数据提取和质量评估，然后使用随机效应荟萃分析和亚组分析进行统计分析，以评估异质性。

结果

我们纳入了 22 项研究，共 44357 名参与者，其中 79.37%为女性。分析显示，女性（51.86%，95%置信区间[CI]：41.39-62.33）和男性（51.45%，95%CI：40.95-61.95）的 WPV 总体发生率相似。不同地理区域的基于性别的 WPV 存在较大差异。在亚洲，针对男性的攻击倾向更高（比值比[OR]0.79，95%CI 0.74-0.85，P<0.001）。相反，在拉丁美洲，女性的 WPV 患病率更高（OR 1.20，95%CI 1.01-1.4，P=0.035）。与高收入和中高收入国家相比，中低收入国家的 HCWs 无论性别如何，暴力发生率都更高（72.36%比 47.35%）。