Laboratory of Sleep/Wake Neurobiology, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117865, Russia.
, 11, Nipkowstr, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
Sleep Breath. 2024 Oct;28(5):2223-2236. doi: 10.1007/s11325-024-03124-y. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
The shifts in the opposite directions, toward later and earlier sleep timing, occur during the transition through adolescence and adulthood, respectively. Such a n-shape of age-associated change in sleep timing does not resemble the inverse relationship of sleep duration with ages. Age-associated variation in the parameters of the mechanisms of circadian and homeostatic regulation of sleep would underlie these different shapes of relationship of sleep times with ages. Here, we searched for a parsimonious explanation of these different shapes by simulating sleep times on weekdays and weekends with one of the variants of the two-process model of sleep regulation.
Using mean age of a sample with reported sleep times on weekdays and weekends, the whole set of 1404 such samples was subdivided into 15 age subsets. Simulations of sleep times in these subsets were performed with and without the suggestion of age-associated variation in the circadian phase.
Simulations showed that the age-associated decay of slow-wave activity can parsimoniously explain not only the parallel decreases in weekend sleep duration and rate of the buildup of sleep pressure during the wake phase of the sleep-wake cycle, but also both the delay and advance of sleep timing during the transition through adolescence and adulthood, respectively.
The almost functional relationships were revealed between the age-related changes in sleep duration, rate of the buildup of sleep pressure, and slow-wave activity that is a good electrophysiological marker of cortical metabolic rate and synaptic density, strength and efficacy.
睡眠定时在向青春期和成年期过渡的过程中分别向相反的方向（即更晚和更早）转变。这种睡眠定时的年龄相关变化呈“n”形，与睡眠时间与年龄的反比关系不同。睡眠的昼夜节律和内稳态调节机制的参数随年龄而变化，这将成为这些不同的睡眠时间与年龄关系的基础。在这里，我们通过模拟睡眠调节的双过程模型的一个变体，搜索一种简单的解释来解释这些不同的形状。
使用报告工作日和周末睡眠时间的样本的平均年龄，将全部 1404 个这样的样本分为 15 个年龄亚组。在没有或有昼夜相位相关变化的建议下，对这些子组中的睡眠时间进行模拟。
模拟表明，慢波活动的年龄相关衰减不仅可以简单地解释周末睡眠时间和睡眠压力在睡眠-觉醒周期的觉醒阶段积累率的平行下降，还可以解释青春期和成年期过渡期间的睡眠定时的延迟和提前。
揭示了睡眠时间、睡眠压力积累率以及慢波活动（皮质代谢率和突触密度、强度和功效的良好电生理学标志物）的年龄相关变化之间几乎是功能性的关系。
