Jaito Wattanawan, Singchat Worapong, Patta Chananya, Thatukan Chadaphon, Kumnan Nichakorn, Chalermwong Piangjai, Budi Trifan, Panthum Thitipong, Wongloet Wongsathit, Wattanadilokchatkun Pish, Thong Thanyapat, Muangmai Narongrit, Han Kyudong, Duengkae Prateep, Phatcharakullawarawat Rattanin, Srikulnath Kornsorn
Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
Sciences for Industry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
Genomics Inform. 2024 Jul 31;22(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s44342-024-00013-4.
Over hundreds of years, cats have been domesticated and selectively bred, resulting in numerous pedigreed breeds expedited by recent cat shows and breeding associations. Concerns have been raised about the limited breeding options and the genetic implications of inbreeding, indicating challenges in maintaining genetic diversity and accurate identification in purebred cats. In this study, genetic variability and structure were examined in 5 Thai domestic cat breeds using 15 microsatellite markers and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequencing. In total, 184 samples representing the Wichien Maat (WCM), Suphalak (SL), Khao-Manee (KM), Korat (KR), and Konja (KJ) breeds were analyzed. High genetic diversity (H and H > 0.5) was observed in all breeds, and mtDNA analysis revealed two primary haplogroups (A and B) that were shared among all domestic cat breeds in Thailand and globally. However, minor differences were observed between Thai domestic cat breeds based on clustering analyses, in which a distinct genetic structure was observed in the WCM breed. This suggests that allele fixation for distinctive morphological traits has occurred in Thai domestic cat breeds that emerged in isolated regions with shared racial origins. Analysis of relationships among individuals within the breed revealed high identification efficiency in Thai domestic cat breeds (P < 10). Additionally, diverse and effective individual identification can be ensured by optimizing marker efficiency by using only nine loci. This comprehensive genetic characterization provides valuable insights into conservation strategies and breeding practices for Thai domestic cat breeds.
数百年来，猫已被驯化并进行了选择性繁殖，近期的猫展和育种协会加速了众多纯种猫品种的出现。人们对有限的繁殖选择以及近亲繁殖的遗传影响表示担忧，这表明在维持纯种猫的遗传多样性和准确识别方面存在挑战。在本研究中，使用15个微卫星标记和线粒体DNA（mtDNA）D环测序对5个泰国本土猫品种的遗传变异性和结构进行了检测。总共分析了代表呵叻猫（WCM）、素叻他尼猫（SL）、科拉特猫（KM）、科拉特猫（KR）和孔贾猫（KJ）品种的184个样本。在所有品种中均观察到高遗传多样性（H和H > 0.5），mtDNA分析揭示了泰国和全球所有本土猫品种共有的两个主要单倍群（A和B）。然而，基于聚类分析，泰国本土猫品种之间观察到细微差异，其中在呵叻猫品种中观察到独特的遗传结构。这表明在具有共同种族起源的孤立地区出现的泰国本土猫品种中，独特形态特征的等位基因固定已经发生。对品种内个体间关系的分析表明，泰国本土猫品种具有较高的识别效率（P < 10）。此外，仅使用9个位点优化标记效率可确保多样化和有效的个体识别。这种全面的遗传特征为泰国本土猫品种的保护策略和育种实践提供了有价值的见解。
