School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024 Oct 21;63(43):e202410579. doi: 10.1002/anie.202410579. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
Within living organisms, numerous nanomachines are constantly involved in complex polymerization processes, generating a diverse array of biomacromolecules for maintaining biological activities. Transporting artificial polymerizations from lab settings into biological contexts has expanded opportunities for understanding and managing biological events, creating novel cellular compartments, and introducing new functionalities. This review summarizes the recent advancements in artificial polymerizations, including those responding to external stimuli, internal environmental factors, and those that polymerize spontaneously. More importantly, the cutting-edge biomedical application scenarios of artificial polymerization, notably in safeguarding cells, modulating biological events, improving diagnostic performance, and facilitating therapeutic efficacy are highlighted. Finally, this review outlines the key challenges and technological obstacles that remain for polymerizations in biological organisms, as well as offers insights into potential directions for advancing their practical applications and clinical trials.
在活的生物体中，无数的纳米机器不断参与复杂的聚合过程，为维持生物活性生成多种多样的生物大分子。将人工聚合从实验室环境转移到生物环境中，拓展了我们理解和管理生物事件、创造新的细胞区室以及引入新功能的机会。本综述总结了人工聚合的最新进展，包括对外界刺激、内部环境因素的响应以及自发聚合。更重要的是，强调了人工聚合在保护细胞、调节生物事件、提高诊断性能和促进治疗效果方面的前沿生物医学应用场景。最后，本综述概述了生物体内聚合仍然存在的关键挑战和技术障碍，并对推进其实际应用和临床试验的潜在方向提出了见解。
