Tao Borui, Gong Wei, Xu Chengyuan, Ma Zhihui, Mei Jinyu, Chen Ming
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2024 Jul 17;16:1402774. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1402774. eCollection 2024.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and the most prevalent form of dementia. The main hallmarks for the diagnosis of AD are extracellular amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition and intracellular accumulation of highly hyperphosphorylated Tau protein as neurofibrillary tangles. The brain consumes more oxygen than any other organs, so it is more easily to be affected by hypoxia. Hypoxia has long been recognized as one of the possible causes of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, but the exact mechanism has not been clarified. In this review, we will elucidate the connection between hypoxia-inducible factors-1α and AD, including its contribution to AD and its possible protective effects. Additionally, we will discuss the relationship between oxidative stress and AD as evidence show that oxidative stress acts on AD-related pathogenic factors such as mitochondrial dysfunction, Aβ deposition, inflammation, etc. Currently, there is no cure for AD. Given the close association between hypoxia, oxidative stress, and AD, along with current research on the protective effects of antioxidants against AD, we speculate that antioxidants could be a potential therapeutic approach for AD and worth further study.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一，也是痴呆最普遍的形式。AD诊断的主要标志是细胞外β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）斑块沉积以及高度磷酸化的 Tau 蛋白在细胞内积聚形成神经原纤维缠结。大脑比其他任何器官消耗的氧气都多，因此更容易受到缺氧的影响。长期以来，缺氧一直被认为是AD和其他神经退行性疾病的可能病因之一，但确切机制尚未阐明。在本综述中，我们将阐明缺氧诱导因子-1α与AD之间的联系，包括其对AD的作用及其可能的保护作用。此外，我们将讨论氧化应激与AD之间的关系，因为有证据表明氧化应激作用于AD相关的致病因素，如线粒体功能障碍、Aβ沉积、炎症等。目前，AD尚无治愈方法。鉴于缺氧、氧化应激与AD之间的密切关联，以及目前关于抗氧化剂对AD保护作用的研究，我们推测抗氧化剂可能是AD的一种潜在治疗方法，值得进一步研究。
