Mishra Aparna, Mahto Sunil Kumar, Paswan Manoj K, Patra Satyabrata, Kashyap Aditi, Ashu Tripti
Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, IND.
Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 30;16(6):e63548. doi: 10.7759/cureus.63548. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Background and objective The prostate gland, which plays a crucial role in the male reproductive system, has a complex structure and function. Prostate enlargement, often benign but occasionally malignant, poses significant health concerns, particularly in aging populations. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serves as a vital biomarker, reflecting changes in prostate architecture and aiding diagnostic stratification. Elevated PSA levels correlate with prostate pathology and standard grading systems such as Gleason grading help guide treatment decisions. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between prostate enlargement, PSA levels, and Gleason grades, particularly within the Indian context. Materials and methods This study was conducted over one and a half years at the Department of Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, and involved 100 cases of clinically enlarged prostates. Clinical data, including age, symptoms, and relevant features, were collected, and histopathological analysis was performed on biopsy specimens. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and SPSS Statistics version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Our study identified possible links between several factors and prostate conditions. Non-vegetarian diets showed a potential association with increased adenocarcinoma prevalence (p = 0.179). Urinary symptoms like hesitancy, incomplete voiding, retention, frequency, and urgency were significantly more common in men with adenocarcinoma (p<0.05). Additionally, bone pain and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings strongly correlated with adenocarcinoma (p<0.001). As expected, age showed a positive correlation with prostate weight and PSA levels (p<0.01). Interestingly, bone pain was associated with a lower likelihood of other prostate symptoms (p = 0.023). Conclusions Our findings provide key insights into the clinical factors associated with prostate pathology and highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to diagnosis in these patients, integrating clinical evaluation and histopathological assessment.
背景与目的 前列腺在男性生殖系统中起着至关重要的作用，其结构和功能复杂。前列腺增生通常为良性，但偶尔也会恶变，这对健康构成重大威胁，尤其是在老年人群中。前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）是一种重要的生物标志物，反映前列腺结构的变化并有助于诊断分层。PSA水平升高与前列腺病理状况相关，而诸如Gleason分级等标准分级系统有助于指导治疗决策。本研究旨在探讨前列腺增生、PSA水平和Gleason分级之间的相关性，特别是在印度背景下。 材料与方法 本研究在兰契市拉金德拉医学科学研究所病理科进行了一年半，纳入了100例临床诊断为前列腺增生的病例。收集了包括年龄、症状和相关特征在内的临床数据，并对活检标本进行了组织病理学分析。使用Microsoft Excel和SPSS Statistics 20.0版（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行统计分析。 结果 我们的研究确定了几个因素与前列腺疾病之间可能存在的联系。非素食饮食显示出与腺癌患病率增加可能存在关联（p = 0.179）。腺癌男性患者中，诸如排尿犹豫、排尿不完全、尿潴留、尿频和尿急等泌尿系统症状明显更为常见（p<0.05）。此外，骨痛和直肠指检（DRE）异常结果与腺癌密切相关（p<0.001）。正如预期的那样，年龄与前列腺重量和PSA水平呈正相关（p<0.01）。有趣的是，骨痛与出现其他前列腺症状的可能性较低相关（p = 0.023）。 结论 我们的研究结果为与前列腺病理相关的临床因素提供了关键见解，并强调了对这些患者进行综合诊断的必要性，即整合临床评估和组织病理学评估。
