Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada - Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada.
Institute of Forestry & Conservation, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Chem Ecol. 2024 Oct;50(9-10):409-418. doi: 10.1007/s10886-024-01530-w. Epub 2024 Aug 1.
The recognition of cerambycids as frequent and damaging invaders led to an increase in the interest in the chemical ecology of the group with the identification of pheromones and pheromone-like attractants for well over 100 species. Pheromone components of the Cerambycidae are often phylogenetically conserved, with a single compound serving as a pheromone component for several related species. In the subfamily Lamiinae, the compound 2-(undecyloxy)ethanol (monochamol) has been identified as an aggregation-sex pheromone for several species of the genus Monochamus. In other species, including Monochamus maculosus Haldeman, field trials have demonstrated that monochamol is a pheromone attractant, but at that point it was still unknown as to whether it was a pheromone for this species. Here we report the identification, and laboratory and field trials of a pheromone component produced by adult male M. maculosus. Chemical analyses of headspace volatile collections sampled from field collected beetles of both sexes revealed the presence of one male-specific compound that was identified as 2-(undecyloxy)ethanol. Electroantennography analyses showed that monochamol elicited responses from the antennae of female beetles. Traps baited with monochamol in the field captured M. maculosus adults of both sexes corroborating the identification of monochamol as the sex-aggregation pheromone of this species. The attractivity of monochamol to adult M. maculosus in our field trapping experiment was synergized by the addition of the host volatile α-pinene.
天牛科被认为是频繁且具有破坏性的入侵物种，这使得人们对该群体的化学生态学产生了浓厚的兴趣，已经鉴定出超过 100 种天牛科的信息素和类似信息素的引诱剂。天牛科的信息素成分在系统发育上往往是保守的，单一化合物可作为几种相关物种的信息素成分。在沟胫天牛亚科中，2-(十一烷氧基)乙醇（单香茅醇）已被确定为几种松墨天牛属物种的聚集-性信息素。在其他物种中，包括松墨天牛 Haldeman，田间试验表明，单香茅醇是一种信息素引诱剂，但当时仍不清楚它是否是该物种的信息素。在这里，我们报告了由雄性成虫产生的一种信息素成分的鉴定、实验室和田间试验。从野外收集的雌雄甲虫的顶空挥发物收集物进行化学分析，发现存在一种雄性特异性化合物，被鉴定为 2-(十一烷氧基)乙醇。触角电生理学分析表明，单香茅醇能引起雌甲虫触角的反应。在田间用单香茅醇诱捕的诱捕器捕获了松墨天牛的雌雄成虫，证实了单香茅醇是该物种的性聚集信息素。在我们的野外诱捕实验中，单香茅醇对松墨天牛成虫的吸引力通过添加宿主挥发性物质α-蒎烯得到了协同增强。
