Allison Jeremy D, Guignard Quentin, Ochoa Isabelle, Sousa Edmundo, Bonifacio Luis
Natural Resources Canada-Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada.
INIAV IP, Avenida da República, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal.
Environ Entomol. 2025 Feb 19;54(1):46-53. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvae106.
Some coniferophagous bark and woodboring beetles overlap spatially and temporally in host trees. These larval interactions have been classified as competitive and predatory in favor of the larger and more mobile woodborer larvae. In some bark beetles, larval traits have been reported that facilitate evasion of woodborer larvae. Both bark beetles and woodborers mediate mating on host material with volatile pheromones. Although it is known that some woodborers eavesdrop on bark beetle aggregation pheromones to facilitate host location, it is not known what effect woodborer pheromones have on bark beetles. The pheromone monochamol is used by most Monochamus spp. Dejean and coniferophagous species from this genus co-occur with bark beetles in host tissues. Because of the negative consequences these larval interactions have for bark beetles, we hypothesized that the woodborer pheromone monochamol would inhibit captures of sympatric and synchronic bark beetles to intercept traps baited with their aggregation pheromones and host volatiles. We tested this hypothesis in 2 systems, 1 in Ontario, Canada, and another in Setúbal, Portugal with field trapping experiments. Trap captures of Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston) (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) (2 bark beetle species captured in Portugal), and Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) (1 bark beetle species captured in Canada) were reduced by the presence of monochamol. These results suggest that an additional evasion mechanism in some bark beetles is the detection of the woodborer pheromone monochamol and subsequent reduced response to aggregation pheromone and host volatiles in the presence of this woodborer pheromone.
一些取食针叶树的树皮甲虫和蛀木甲虫在寄主树上在空间和时间上存在重叠。这些幼虫之间的相互作用已被归类为竞争性和捕食性，有利于体型较大且更具移动性的蛀木甲虫幼虫。在一些树皮甲虫中，已报道了有助于躲避蛀木甲虫幼虫的幼虫特征。树皮甲虫和蛀木甲虫都利用挥发性信息素在寄主材料上交配。虽然已知一些蛀木甲虫会窃听树皮甲虫的聚集信息素以促进寄主定位，但尚不清楚蛀木甲虫的信息素对树皮甲虫有何影响。信息素单环牛儿醇被大多数墨天牛属物种使用。德让墨天牛和该属的取食针叶树物种与树皮甲虫在寄主组织中共存。由于这些幼虫相互作用对树皮甲虫有负面影响，我们假设蛀木甲虫信息素单环牛儿醇会抑制对用其聚集信息素和寄主挥发物诱捕的陷阱中同域和同期树皮甲虫的捕获。我们在两个系统中测试了这一假设，一个在加拿大安大略省，另一个在葡萄牙塞图巴尔，进行了野外诱捕实验。单环牛儿醇的存在减少了六齿小蠹（Boerner）（鞘翅目：小蠹科）、粗糙奥氏小蠹（Wollaston）（鞘翅目：小蠹科）（在葡萄牙捕获的两种树皮甲虫物种）和松果梢斑螟（Say）（鞘翅目：小蠹科）（在加拿大捕获的一种树皮甲虫物种）的诱捕量。这些结果表明，一些树皮甲虫的另一种逃避机制是检测到蛀木甲虫信息素单环牛儿醇，并随后在这种蛀木甲虫信息素存在的情况下对聚集信息素和寄主挥发物的反应降低。
