King Anthony, Tong Ting, Le Danielle, Sim Donna, Wong-Padoongpatt Gloria
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2024 Dec;37(6):1009-1020. doi: 10.1002/jts.23089. Epub 2024 Aug 1.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are often associated with higher rates of mental health issues and problematic behaviors within the U.S. college population. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate the current associations among ACEs, six psychosocial risk factors for poor health (i.e., anxiety, depression, loneliness, negative urgency, positive urgency, and stress), and significant behavioral and substance problems in a large sample of college students (N = 1,993). Overall, 72.3% of participants reported one or more ACEs, with 21.7% reporting at least five of these experiences; the most prevalent ACE types were emotional abuse (51.7%) and parental mental illness (33.8%). Cumulative ACEs were positively associated with all health risk factors, rs = .07-.38, ps ≤ .001, and these ACE scores were most connected to student problems with alcohol, overeating, and sex, rs = .19-.22, ps < .001. Furthermore, using logistic regression, cumulative ACEs predicted which students were more likely to report behavioral problems, OR = 1.08, 95% CI [1.03, 1.14]; substance problems, OR = 1.16, 95% CI [1.07, 1.26]; and both types of problems, OR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.20, 1.36], relative to students without these problems. Aside from ACEs, higher anxiety was the only other risk factor all three problem types shared. Collectively, these findings highlight the differential impact of ACEs and other psychosocial risk factors on the susceptibility of college students to particular forms of maladaptive coping and suggest potential targets for intervention and prevention efforts in these areas.
童年不良经历（ACEs）往往与美国大学生群体中较高的心理健康问题发生率和问题行为相关。因此，本研究的主要目的是调查在一大群大学生样本（N = 1993）中，ACEs、六种影响健康的心理社会风险因素（即焦虑、抑郁、孤独感、消极冲动性、积极冲动性和压力）以及显著的行为和物质问题之间的当前关联。总体而言，72.3%的参与者报告了一种或多种ACEs，其中21.7%报告至少有五种此类经历；最常见的ACE类型是情感虐待（51.7%）和父母精神疾病（33.8%）。累积ACEs与所有健康风险因素呈正相关关系，rs = 0.07 - 0.38，p值≤0.001，并且这些ACE得分与学生在酒精、暴饮暴食和性方面的问题关联最为紧密，rs = 0.19 - 0.22，p值<0.001。此外，通过逻辑回归分析，累积ACEs能够预测哪些学生更有可能报告行为问题，比值比（OR）= 1.08，95%置信区间[1.03, 1.14]；物质问题，OR = 1.16，95%置信区间[1.07, 1.26]；以及两种类型的问题，OR = 1.28，95%置信区间[1.20, 1.36]，相较于没有这些问题的学生。除了ACEs之外，较高的焦虑是所有三种问题类型共有的唯一其他风险因素。总体而言，这些研究结果突出了ACEs和其他心理社会风险因素对大学生易受特定形式适应不良应对方式影响的差异作用，并为这些领域的干预和预防工作提出了潜在的目标。
