Tayanloo-Beik Akram, Eslami Azin, Sarvari Masoumeh, Jalaeikhoo Hasan, Rajaeinejad Mohsen, Nikandish Mohsen, Faridfar Ali, Rezaei-Tavirani Mostafa, Mafi Ahmad Rezazadeh, Larijani Bagher, Arjmand Babak
Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iranian Cancer Control Center (MACSA), Tehran, Iran.
Oncol Rev. 2024 Jul 18;18:1411736. doi: 10.3389/or.2024.1411736. eCollection 2024.
The global incidence of cancer is increasing, with estimates suggesting that there will be 26 million new cases and 17 million deaths per year by 2030. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key to the resistance and advancement of cancer. They play a crucial role in tumor dynamics and resistance to therapy. CSCs, initially discovered in acute myeloid leukemia, are well-known for their involvement in tumor initiation, progression, and relapse, mostly because of their distinct characteristics, such as resistance to drugs and the ability to self-renew. EVs, which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, play a vital role in facilitating communication between cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). They have a significant impact on cellular behaviors and contribute to genetic and epigenetic changes. This paper analyzes the mutually beneficial association between CSCs and EVs, emphasizing their role in promoting tumor spread and developing resistance mechanisms. This review aims to investigate the interaction between these entities in order to discover new approaches for attacking the complex machinery of cancer cells. It highlights the significance of CSCs and EVs as crucial targets in the advancement of novel cancer treatments, which helps stimulate additional research, promote progress in ideas for cancer treatment, and provide renewed optimism in the effort to reduce the burden of cancer.
全球癌症发病率正在上升，据估计，到2030年每年将有2600万新发病例和1700万人死亡。癌症干细胞（CSCs）和细胞外囊泡（EVs）是癌症耐药性和进展的关键因素。它们在肿瘤动态变化和对治疗的耐药性中起着至关重要的作用。癌症干细胞最初在急性髓系白血病中被发现，因其参与肿瘤的起始、进展和复发而闻名，主要是由于它们具有独特的特性，如对药物的抗性和自我更新能力。细胞外囊泡包括外泌体、微囊泡和凋亡小体，在促进肿瘤微环境（TME）内细胞间通讯方面发挥着重要作用。它们对细胞行为有重大影响，并导致基因和表观遗传变化。本文分析了癌症干细胞与细胞外囊泡之间的互利关系，强调了它们在促进肿瘤扩散和形成耐药机制中的作用。本综述旨在研究这些实体之间的相互作用，以便发现攻击癌细胞复杂机制的新方法。它强调了癌症干细胞和细胞外囊泡作为新型癌症治疗进展中关键靶点的重要性，这有助于激发更多研究，推动癌症治疗理念的进步，并为减轻癌症负担的努力带来新的希望。
