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唐氏综合征患者视力下降的原因及眼镜治疗选择：当前文献综述

Sources of reduced visual acuity and spectacle treatment options for individuals with Down syndrome: Review of current literature.

作者信息

Anderson Heather A

机构信息

College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

出版信息

Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2024 Nov;44(7):1326-1345. doi: 10.1111/opo.13372. Epub 2024 Aug 2.

DOI:10.1111/opo.13372
PMID:39092592
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12117621/
Abstract

Individuals with Down syndrome are known to have a greater prevalence of ocular conditions such as strabismus, nystagmus, elevated refractive error, poor accommodative function, elevated higher-order optical aberrations and corneal abnormalities. Related to these conditions, individuals with Down syndrome commonly have reduced best-corrected visual acuity at both far and near viewing distances across their lifespan. This review summarises the various optical sources of visual acuity reduction in this population and describes clinical trials that have evaluated alternative spectacle prescribing strategies to minimise these optical deficits. Although refractive corrections may still have limitations in their ability to normalise visual acuity for individuals with Down syndrome, the current literature provides evidence for eye care practitioners to consider in their prescribing practices for this population to maximise visual acuity. These considerations include accounting for the presence of elevated higher-order aberrations when determining refractive corrections and considering bifocal lens prescriptions, even for young children with Down syndrome.

摘要

众所周知，唐氏综合征患者患斜视、眼球震颤、屈光不正度数升高、调节功能差、高阶光学像差增加和角膜异常等眼部疾病的患病率更高。与这些情况相关的是，唐氏综合征患者在其一生中，远、近视力的最佳矫正视力通常都会降低。这篇综述总结了该人群视力下降的各种光学原因，并描述了评估替代眼镜处方策略以尽量减少这些光学缺陷的临床试验。尽管屈光矫正对于唐氏综合征患者使视力正常化的能力可能仍有局限性，但当前文献为眼科保健从业者在为该人群开处方时提供了一些考虑因素，以最大限度地提高视力。这些考虑因素包括在确定屈光矫正时考虑高阶像差增加的情况，以及考虑双焦点镜片处方，即使是对于唐氏综合征幼儿。

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National population-based estimates for major birth defects, 2016-2020.2016 - 2020年全国基于人口的主要出生缺陷估计数。
Birth Defects Res. 2024 Jan;116(1):e2301. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2301.
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