Business School, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China.
Asian Growth Research Institute, Kitakyushu, 803-0814, Japan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug;31(38):50316-50332. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34477-2. Epub 2024 Aug 2.
China's new urbanization strategy serves as a key instrument for achieving sustainable development goals in urban areas. However, a consensus on how and whether new urbanization affects urban green total factor productivity (GTFP) has yet to be reached. This analysis targets 276 prefecture-level and above cities, using panel data from 2011 to 2019 to assess the impact of the new urbanization pilot policy (NUPP) on GTFP. The research findings demonstrate that implementing China's NUPP has significantly enhanced urban GTFP. Furthermore, the population-land-industry coupling coordination degree (PLICCD), as well as the industry-environment-economy coupling coordination degree (IEECCD), play crucial facilitating roles in the aforementioned enhancement effects. The results remain robust even after employing PSM-staggered difference-in-differences (DID) estimation and excluding other policy interferences. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis, based on urban characteristics, reveals that the NUPP significantly enhances GTFP in resource-based, non-resource-based, industrial, non-intensive compactness, and non-expansionary urbanization cities. Finally, the paper offers three policy recommendations. First, new urbanization initiatives should be more actively promoted in China and other developing countries. Second, the construction of new urbanization plans should focus on the coordinated development of "population-land-industry" and "industry-environment-economy." Third, the government should implement new urbanization initiatives tailored to the specific characteristics of different cities. This study provides valuable insights for the general public, policymakers, and scholars to better understand the potential of coordinating the development of population, land, industry, the environment, and the economy to improve GTFP. Moreover, it offers a broad perspective for evaluating sustainable urban development.
中国的新型城镇化战略是实现城市可持续发展目标的重要手段。然而，对于新型城镇化如何以及是否影响城市绿色全要素生产率（GTFP），尚未达成共识。本研究以 2011 年至 2019 年的面板数据为基础，针对 276 个地级及以上城市，分析了新型城镇化综合试点政策（NUPP）对 GTFP 的影响。研究结果表明，实施中国的 NUPP 显著提高了城市 GTFP。此外，人口-土地-产业耦合协调度（PLICCD）和产业-环境-经济耦合协调度（IEECCD）在上述增强效应中发挥了关键的促进作用。即使采用 PSM-双重差分（DID）估计法和排除其他政策干扰，结果仍然稳健。此外，基于城市特征的异质性分析表明，NUPP 显著提高了资源型、非资源型、工业型、非集约紧凑型和非扩张型城镇化城市的 GTFP。最后，本文提出了三条政策建议。首先，应在包括中国在内的发展中国家更积极地推进新型城镇化倡议。其次，新型城镇化规划的建设应注重“人口-土地-产业”和“产业-环境-经济”的协调发展。第三，政府应根据不同城市的具体特点实施新型城镇化倡议。本研究为公众、政策制定者和学者提供了有价值的见解，使他们更好地理解协调人口、土地、产业、环境和经济发展以提高 GTFP 的潜力。此外，它为评估可持续城市发展提供了广阔的视角。
